Gatti M, Zunino P, Ungerfeld R
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2011 Apr;46(2):205-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01626.x.
Intravaginal sponges (IS) impregnated with progestagens are widely used for oestrous synchronization in ewes. As progestogens depress the immuno response, the first aim was to determine whether medroxiprogesterone acetate (MAP) content affects the vaginal bacteria number (VBN) in IS-treated anoestrous ewes. The second aim was to compare the effectiveness of different antibiotic treatments to control the VBN increase caused by IS. In both experiments, IS were inserted during 14 days in anoestrous ewes. In the first, 11 ewes received commercial sponges (50 mg MAP), and 10 ewes received placebo sponges. For the second experiment, IS were inserted in three groups (n = 12/group), containing oxytetracycline im (20 mg/kg); injected into the sponge (0.02 mg), or control (no antibiotic). At sponge withdrawal, all ewes received 300 UI eCG. Mucous samples were collected from the vagina before sponge insertion, at sponge withdrawal, 24, 48 and 72 h later, and the VBN (colony-forming units per ml; CFU/ml) was counted after 48-h incubation. Medroxiprogesterone content did not affect VBN (log CFU/ml: 4.3 ± 0.2 vs 4.4 ± 0.2 with and without MAP, respectively). Bacterial number increased from 3.5 ± 0.2 at sponge insertion to 6.9 ± 0.1 at sponge withdrawal (p < 0.0001) and decreased the following day to 4.3 ± 0.2 (p < 0.0001). In the second experiment, VBN increased at sponge withdrawal (p < 0.0001) in all groups and decreased the following day (p < 0.0001). The CFU/ml at sponge withdrawal was lower in ewes treated with antibiotics (p < 0.0001), being even lower when local rather than systemic antibiotic was administered (log CFU/ml: 3.3 ± 1.8 vs 7.2 ± 1.8). The day of oestrous VBN was similar for all treatments and similar to that observed before sponge insertion. We concluded that MAP does not influence the increase in VBN, as the main effect is provoked by the sponge device itself, and local antibiotic treatment resulted in a lower bacterial growth than systemic treatments.
浸有孕激素的阴道海绵（IS）被广泛用于母羊的发情同步。由于孕激素会抑制免疫反应，首要目的是确定醋酸甲羟孕酮（MAP）含量是否会影响接受IS处理的乏情母羊的阴道细菌数量（VBN）。第二个目的是比较不同抗生素处理控制由IS引起的VBN增加的效果。在两个实验中，均在乏情母羊中插入IS 14天。在第一个实验中，11只母羊接受商业海绵（50毫克MAP），10只母羊接受安慰剂海绵。在第二个实验中，将IS插入三组（每组n = 12），分别含有土霉素肌注（20毫克/千克）；注入海绵（0.02毫克），或为对照组（无抗生素）。在取出海绵时，所有母羊均接受300国际单位的促卵泡素（eCG）。在插入海绵前、取出海绵时、取出后24、48和72小时从阴道采集黏液样本，并在培养48小时后计算VBN（每毫升菌落形成单位；CFU/毫升）。甲羟孕酮含量不影响VBN（对数CFU/毫升：分别使用和不使用MAP时为4.3±0.2和4.4±0.2）。细菌数量从插入海绵时的3.5±0.2增加到取出海绵时的6.9±0.1（p<0.0001），并在第二天降至4.3±0.2（p<0.0001）。在第二个实验中，所有组在取出海绵时VBN均增加（p<0.0001），并在第二天下降（p<0.0001）。接受抗生素处理的母羊在取出海绵时的CFU/毫升较低（p<0.0001），当给予局部而非全身抗生素时甚至更低（对数CFU/毫升：3.3±1.8对7.2±1.8）。所有处理的发情日VBN相似，且与插入海绵前观察到的相似。我们得出结论，MAP不影响VBN的增加，因为主要影响是由海绵装置本身引起的，并且局部抗生素处理导致的细菌生长低于全身处理。
