Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Core-Facility, Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 2010 Jul;121(2):353-62. doi: 10.1007/s00122-010-1314-9. Epub 2010 May 11.
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was one of the most important legume crops in the world in 2010. Japanese beetles (JB; Popillia japonica, Newman) in the US were an introduced and potentially damaging insect pest for soybean. JBs are likely to spread across the US if global warming occurs. Resistance to JB in soybean was previously reported only in plant introductions. The aims here were to identify loci underlying resistance to JB herbivory in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of Essex x Forrest cultivars (EF94) and to correlate those with loci with factors that confer insect resistance in soybean cultivars. The RIL population was used to map 413 markers, 238 satellite markers and 177 other DNA markers. Field data were from two environments over 2 years. Pest severity (PS) measured defoliation on a 0-9 scale. Pest incidence (PI) was the percentage of plants within each RIL with beetles on them. Antibiosis and antixenosis data were from feeding assays with detached leaves in petri plates. Five QTL were detected for the mean PS field trait (16% < R (2) < 27%). The loci were within the intervals Satt632-A2D8 on linkage group (LG) A2 (chromosome 8); Satt583-Satt415 on LG B1 (11); Satt009-Satt530 on LG N (3); and close to two markers OB02_140 (LG E; 20 cM from Satt572) and OZ15_150 LG (19 cM from Satt291 C2). Two QTL were detected for the mean PI field trait (16% < R (2) < 18%) close to Satt385 on LG A1 and Satt440 on LG I. The no choice feeding studies detected three QTL that were significant; two for antixenosis (22% < R (2) < 24%) between Satt632-A2D8 on LG A2 (8) and Sat_039-Satt160 on LG F (13); and a major locus effect (R (2) = 54%) for antibiosis on LG D2 (17) between Satt464-Satt488. Therefore, loci underlying resistance to JB herbivory were a mixture of major and minor gene effects. Some loci were within regions underlying resistance to soybean cyst nematode (LGs A2 and I) and root knot nematode (LG F) but not other major loci underlying resistance to nematode or insect pests (LGs G, H and M).
大豆[ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]在 2010 年是世界上最重要的豆科作物之一。在美国，日本甲虫（ JB； Popillia japonica，Newman）是一种外来的、潜在的有害大豆害虫。如果全球变暖发生，JB 很可能会在美国蔓延。大豆对 JB 的抗性以前只在植物引种中报道过。本研究的目的是鉴定 Essex x Forrest 品种（EF94）杂交衍生的重组自交系（RIL）中抗 JB 取食的基因座，并将这些基因座与赋予大豆品种抗虫性的基因座相关联。使用 RIL 群体对 413 个标记、238 个卫星标记和 177 个其他 DNA 标记进行了作图。田间数据来自 2 年的两个环境。害虫严重度（PS）按 0-9 级衡量叶片损失。害虫发生率（PI）是每株 RIL 中带有甲虫的植物百分比。抗生性和抗生性数据来自离体叶片在培养皿中的饲养测定。检测到 5 个 PS 田间性状均值的 QTL（16% < R (2) < 27%）。这些基因座位于连锁群（LG）A2 上的 Satt632-A2D8 区间内（8 号染色体）；LG B1 上的 Satt583-Satt415（11）；LG N 上的 Satt009-Satt530（3）；两个标记 OB02_140（LG E；Satt572 处 20 cM）和 OZ15_150 LG（Satt291 C2 处 19 cM）附近。检测到 2 个 PI 田间性状均值的 QTL（16% < R (2) < 18%），位于 LG A1 上的 Satt385 和 LG I 上的 Satt440 附近。非选择性摄食研究检测到 3 个 QTL，其中 2 个抗生性 QTL（22% < R (2) < 24%），分别位于 LG A2 上的 Satt632-A2D8（8）和 LG F 上的 Sat_039-Satt160（13）之间；LG D2（17）上的一个主基因效应（R (2) = 54%）对 LG D2 上的抗生性有很大影响，位于 Satt464-Satt488 之间。因此，抗 JB 取食的基因座是主基因和微效基因共同作用的结果。一些基因座位于对大豆胞囊线虫（LGs A2 和 I）和根结线虫（LG F）抗性的区域内，但不在对其他主要线虫或害虫抗性的基因座内（LGs G、H 和 M）。
