Krefting Research Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2010 Jun;58(3):209-25. doi: 10.1007/s00005-010-0073-2. Epub 2010 May 11.
B lymphocytes are characterized by a unique and highly specialized developmental pathway that is responsible for their vast phenotypic and function diversity. B cell development is strictly regulated to ensure sufficient specific humoral immunity while at the same time avoiding any errors that would compromise B cell functionality. The generation and maintenance of mature B cells from the constant flux of bone marrow progenitors is a complex process that is generally poorly understood, although great progress has been made in recent years. B cells have for long been considered mainly as antibody-producing cells and therefore believed to play an important role in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, primarily through their ability to produce IgE antibodies. However, recent findings have revealed new aspects of their role in immune responses that place them again under the spotlight as important immune regulators, independent of antibody production. This review focuses on the developmental processes responsible for the numerous phenotypes and functions of the B-lymphocyte pool and the different aspects of effector B cell functionality in the context of allergy.
B 淋巴细胞的特征是具有独特且高度专业化的发育途径，这使其具有广泛的表型和功能多样性。B 细胞的发育受到严格调控，以确保产生足够的特异性体液免疫，同时避免任何可能损害 B 细胞功能的错误。从骨髓祖细胞的持续流中产生和维持成熟 B 细胞是一个复杂的过程，尽管近年来取得了很大进展，但仍未得到很好的理解。B 细胞长期以来被认为主要是产生抗体的细胞，因此被认为在过敏疾病的病理生理学中起着重要作用，主要是通过其产生 IgE 抗体的能力。然而，最近的发现揭示了它们在免疫反应中的新作用，使它们再次成为重要的免疫调节剂，而不依赖于抗体的产生。这篇综述主要关注负责 B 淋巴细胞库众多表型和功能的发育过程，以及在过敏背景下效应 B 细胞功能的不同方面。
