Centre for Earth Science Studies, Biophotonics Laboratory, Akkulam, Trivandrum, 695031 India.
J Biomed Opt. 2010 Mar-Apr;15(2):027001. doi: 10.1117/1.3365945.
We present the clinical applicability of fluorescence ratio reference standard (FRRS) to discriminate different stages of dental caries. Toward this, laser-induced autofluorescence emission spectra are recorded in vivo in the 400- to 800-nm spectral range on a miniature fiber optic spectrometer from 65 patients, with a 404-nm diode laser as the excitation source. Autofluorescence spectra of sound teeth consist of a broad emission at 500 nm that is typical of natural enamel, whereas in caries teeth additional peaks are seen at 635 and 680 nm due to emission from porphyrin compounds in oral bacteria. Scatter plots are developed to differentiate sound teeth from enamel caries, sound teeth from dentinal caries, and enamel caries from dentinal caries using the mean fluorescence intensity (FI) and ratios F500F635 and F500F680 measured from 25 sites of sound teeth and 65 sites of carious teeth. The sensitivity and specificity of both the FI and FRRS are determined. It is observed that a diagnostic algorithm based on FRRS scatter plots is able to discriminate enamel caries from sound teeth, dentinal caries from sound teeth, and enamel from dentinal caries with overall sensitivities of 85, 100, and 88% and specificities of 90, 100, and 77%, respectively.
我们提出了荧光比率参考标准（FRRS）在区分不同阶段龋齿的临床适用性。为此，我们使用微型光纤光谱仪在 65 名患者体内记录了 400nm 至 800nm 光谱范围内的激光诱导自发荧光发射光谱，激发源为 404nm 二极管激光。健康牙齿的自发荧光光谱在 500nm 处具有一个宽发射峰，这是天然牙釉质的典型特征，而在龋齿牙齿中，由于口腔细菌中的卟啉化合物的发射，在 635nm 和 680nm 处可以看到额外的峰。使用从 25 个健康牙齿部位和 65 个龋齿部位测量的平均荧光强度（FI）和 F500F635 和 F500F680 比值，开发散点图以区分健康牙齿与釉质龋、健康牙齿与牙本质龋以及釉质龋与牙本质龋。FI 和 FRRS 的灵敏度和特异性均被确定。观察到基于 FRRS 散点图的诊断算法能够区分釉质龋与健康牙齿、牙本质龋与健康牙齿以及牙本质龋与釉质龋，总体灵敏度分别为 85%、100%和 88%，特异性分别为 90%、100%和 77%。
