Center of Bioengineering and Sport Science, Faculty of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Verona, Rovereto (TN), Italy.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011 Aug;21(4):589-97. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01071.x. Epub 2010 Mar 10.
The aim of this study was to characterize the dynamic parameters of poling action during low to moderate uphill skiing in the diagonal stride technique. Twelve elite cross country skiers performed an incremental test using roller skis on a treadmill at 9 km/h at seven different grades, from 2° to 8°. The pole ground reaction force and the pole inclination were measured, and the propulsive force component and poling power were then calculated. The duration of the active poling phase remained unchanged, while the recovery time decreased with the increase in the slope. The ratio between propulsive and total poling forces (effectiveness) was approximately 60% and increased with the slope. Multiple regression estimated that approximately 80% of the variation of the poling power across slopes was explained by the increase of the poling force, the residual variation was explained by the decrease of the pole inclination, while a small contribution was provided by the increase of the poling relative to the cycle time. The higher power output required to ski at a steeper slope was partially supplied by a greater contribution of the power generated through the pole that arises not only by an increase of the force exerted but also by an increase of its effectiveness.
本研究旨在描述在低至中等上坡滑雪中对角线步技术中极化作用的动态参数。12 名精英越野滑雪运动员在坡度为 2°至 8°的情况下，以 9 公里/小时的速度在跑步机上使用滚轮进行递增测试。测量了杆地反作用力和杆倾斜度，并计算了推进力分量和撑杆功率。主动撑杆阶段的持续时间保持不变，而恢复时间随坡度的增加而减少。推进力和总撑杆力之间的比例（效率）约为 60%，并随坡度的增加而增加。多元回归估计，坡度之间撑杆功率的变化约有 80%可以通过撑杆力的增加来解释，其余的变化可以通过杆倾斜度的减小来解释，而撑杆相对于周期时间的增加也提供了很小的贡献。在更陡峭的坡度上滑雪所需的更高功率输出部分通过通过杆子产生的功率的更大贡献来提供，这不仅是由于施加的力的增加，而且是由于其效率的增加而产生的。
