University of Washington, Campus Box 359796, 300 9th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
Exp Cell Res. 2010 Aug 15;316(14):2213-9. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.05.009. Epub 2010 May 13.
Cutaneous wounds persist as a health care crisis in spite of increased understanding of the cellular and molecular responses to injury. Contributing significantly to this crisis is the lack of reliable therapies for treatment of wounds that are slow to heal including chronic wounds and deep dermal wounds that develop hypertrophic scars. This article will review the growing evidence demonstrating the promise of multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal (MSCs) for the treatment of impaired wound healing. MSCs are often referred to as mesenchymal stem cells despite concerns that these cells are not truly stem cells given the lack of evidence demonstrating self-renewal in vivo. Regardless, abundant evidence demonstrates the therapeutic potential of MSCs for repair and regeneration of damaged tissue due to injury or disease. To date, MSC treatment of acute and chronic wounds results in accelerated wound closure with increased epithelialization, granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis. Although there is evidence for MSC differentiation in the wound, most of the therapeutic effects are likely due to MSCs releasing soluble factors that regulate local cellular responses to cutaneous injury. Important challenges need to be overcome before MSCs can be used effectively to treat wounds that are slow to heal.
尽管人们对细胞和分子对损伤的反应有了更多的了解，但皮肤伤口仍然是一个医疗保健危机。导致这一危机的一个重要原因是，缺乏可靠的治疗方法来治疗愈合缓慢的伤口，包括慢性伤口和形成增生性瘢痕的深部真皮伤口。本文将综述越来越多的证据，证明多能间充质干细胞（MSCs）在治疗受损伤口愈合方面有很大的潜力。MSCs 通常被称为间充质干细胞，尽管有人担心这些细胞不是真正的干细胞，因为缺乏体内自我更新的证据。然而，大量证据表明 MSCs 具有治疗损伤或疾病引起的受损组织的修复和再生的潜力。迄今为止，MSC 治疗急性和慢性伤口可加速伤口闭合，增加上皮化、肉芽组织形成和血管生成。尽管有证据表明 MSC 在伤口中分化，但大多数治疗效果可能是由于 MSCs 释放可溶性因子，调节皮肤损伤的局部细胞反应。在 MSCs 能够有效地用于治疗愈合缓慢的伤口之前，还需要克服一些重要的挑战。
