School of Physics, University of Osnabrück, D-49069 Osnabrück, Germany.
Bioinformatics. 2010 Jun 15;26(12):1473-6. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq234. Epub 2010 May 13.
An analysis of the distribution of the Na(+)-translocating ATPases/ATP synthases among microbial genomes identified an atypical form of the F(1)F(o)-type ATPase that is present in the archaea Methanosarcina barkeri and M. acetivorans, in a number of phylogenetically diverse marine and halotolerant bacteria and in pathogens Burkholderia spp. In complete genomes, representatives of this form (referred to here as N-ATPase) are always present as second copies, in addition to the typical proton-translocating ATP synthases. The N-ATPase is encoded by a highly conserved atpDCQRBEFAG operon and its subunits cluster separately from the equivalent subunits of the typical F-type ATPases. N-ATPase c subunits carry a full set of sodium-binding residues, indicating that most of these enzymes are Na(+)-translocating ATPases that likely confer on their hosts the ability to extrude Na(+) ions. Other distinctive properties of the N-ATPase operons include the absence of the delta subunit from its cytoplasmic sector and the presence of two additional membrane subunits, AtpQ (formerly gene 1) and AtpR (formerly gene X). We argue that N-ATPases are an early-diverging branch of membrane ATPases that, similarly to the eukaryotic V-type ATPases, do not synthesize ATP.
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
对微生物基因组中 Na(+)-转运 ATP 酶/ATP 合酶分布的分析确定了一种 F(1)F(o)-型 ATP 酶的非典型形式，该酶存在于古菌 Methanosarcina barkeri 和 M. acetivorans 中，存在于许多系统发育多样的海洋和耐盐细菌中，以及病原体 Burkholderia spp. 中。在完整的基因组中，这种形式的代表（这里称为 N-ATPase）除了典型的质子转运 ATP 合酶外，总是作为第二副本存在。N-ATPase 由高度保守的 atpDCQRBEFAG 操纵子编码，其亚基与典型 F 型 ATP 酶的等效亚基分开聚类。N-ATPase c 亚基携带一套完整的钠离子结合残基，表明这些酶中的大多数都是 Na(+)-转运 ATP 酶，这可能赋予其宿主排出 Na(+)离子的能力。N-ATPase 操纵子的其他独特特性包括其细胞质扇区中缺少 delta 亚基以及存在两个额外的膜亚基 AtpQ（以前称为基因 1）和 AtpR（以前称为基因 X）。我们认为，N-ATPases 是膜 ATP 酶的一个早期分支，与真核 V 型 ATP 酶类似，不合成 ATP。
补充数据可在在线生物信息学中获得。
