Department of Pediatrics, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Youngdeungpo-dong, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Korea.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2009 Mar;5(2):193-207. doi: 10.1586/1744666X.5.2.193.
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction affects 40-90% of people with asthma, compared with 3-15% of the general population. Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is diagnosed on the basis of subjective symptoms of airflow obstruction during and after exercise, objective measures of airflow obstruction and the exclusion of alternative diagnoses. Although the pathogenesis of EIA has not been fully elucidated, two major theories have been proposed: the airway rewarming theory and the hyperosmolarity theory. Increasing evidence suggests that airway inflammation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of EIA. In this article, we review the prevalence, pathogenesis, methods for diagnosis and treatment of EIA, as well as the responsiveness of children and adolescents to EIA therapies.
运动诱发的支气管收缩影响 40-90%的哮喘患者，而普通人群中只有 3-15%受影响。运动诱发的哮喘（EIA）的诊断基于运动期间和之后气流阻塞的主观症状、气流阻塞的客观测量以及排除其他诊断。尽管 EIA 的发病机制尚未完全阐明，但已经提出了两个主要理论：气道复温理论和高渗性理论。越来越多的证据表明，气道炎症在 EIA 的发病机制中起主要作用。在本文中，我们回顾了 EIA 的患病率、发病机制、诊断和治疗方法，以及儿童和青少年对 EIA 治疗的反应性。
