Torrey E F
Twin Study Unit, St. Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, DC 20032.
Schizophr Bull. 1991;17(1):15-8. doi: 10.1093/schbul/17.1.15.
Recent neuropathological and neuroradiological studies of schizophrenia have pointed to the medial temporal cortex, especially the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and amygdala, as the areas primarily affected by this disease. Localization of the disease process to these structures may be explained anatomically because they are immediately contiguous to the foramen rotundum. Some viruses are known to ascend the trigeminal nerve and enter the cranial cavity through the foramen rotundum. They might latently infect the medial temporal cortex and be reactivated in early adulthood, producing the symptoms of schizophrenia. The distance from the nasal mucosa to the medial temporal cortex is less than 2 cm in infants. An anatomical explanation of schizophrenia could account for the seasonality of schizophrenic births, the observed excess birth trauma in schizophrenic individuals, the clinical aspects of schizophrenia, such as auditory hallucinations, and the genetic component of the disease.
近期关于精神分裂症的神经病理学和神经放射学研究表明，内侧颞叶皮质，尤其是海马体、海马旁回和杏仁核，是受该疾病主要影响的区域。从解剖学角度可以解释疾病过程定位于这些结构的原因，因为它们紧邻圆孔。已知一些病毒会沿三叉神经上行并通过圆孔进入颅腔。它们可能潜伏感染内侧颞叶皮质，并在成年早期重新激活，从而产生精神分裂症的症状。婴儿期从鼻黏膜到内侧颞叶皮质的距离小于2厘米。对精神分裂症的解剖学解释可以说明精神分裂症患者出生的季节性、观察到的精神分裂症个体中过多的出生创伤、精神分裂症的临床症状（如幻听）以及该疾病的遗传成分。
