Morgado A, Raoux N, Jourdain G, Lecrubier Y, Widlöcher D
National School on Public Health/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1991 Mar;26(2):68-74. doi: 10.1007/BF00791529.
The extent to which patients' reports of maladjustment is influenced by depressive symptoms was estimated in 25 acute depressed patients responding to pharmacotherapy. Their social adjustment over the same four-month period immediately prior to hospitalization was assessed on two separate occasions: firstly when they were acutely depressed, and again a mean of 20 days later when clinically recovered. Significant differences between the two reports were found in mean score of maladjustment in four out of five fields of social adjustment (work, social/leisure life, family of origin, marriage, and sex). The reduction in depressive symptoms scores (of pessimism considered separately), correlated significantly with changes in the total maladjustment score. The reduction in pessimism scores correlated with changes in the scores for both work and social/leisure fields, and also accounted for 40% of the total variance in maladjustment score. These results indicate that impaired social adjustment as assessed during the height of the depressive illness arises in part from a symptom--related overreporting bias leading patients to make a harsh appraisal of themselves.
在25名接受药物治疗的急性抑郁症患者中，评估了抑郁症状对患者适应不良报告的影响程度。在住院前的同一四个月期间，对他们的社会适应情况进行了两次单独评估：第一次是在他们急性抑郁时，第二次是在临床康复后平均20天。在社会适应的五个领域（工作、社交/休闲生活、原生家庭、婚姻和性）中，有四个领域的适应不良平均得分在两份报告之间存在显著差异。抑郁症状评分的降低（单独考虑悲观情绪）与总体适应不良评分的变化显著相关。悲观情绪评分的降低与工作和社交/休闲领域的评分变化相关，并且占适应不良评分总方差的40%。这些结果表明，在抑郁症高峰期评估的社会适应受损部分源于与症状相关的过度报告偏差，导致患者对自己做出苛刻的评价。
