Department of Sociology and Communication, Carroll University, Waukesha, WI, USA.
Aging Ment Health. 2010 Jul;14(5):603-12. doi: 10.1080/13607860903586193.
The study tests the circumstances under which global mastery and caregiving mastery moderate the impact of objective and subjective stressors on depressive and anxious symptoms among Alzheimer's caregivers.
Data from a sample of 200 spousal caregivers to people with Alzheimer's disease were examined. Sixteen separate models were tested with depression and anxiety regressed on two measures of objective demand (activities of daily living and problem behaviors) and two measures of subjective demand (role overload and role captivity) matched with each of the two mastery measures and their relevant interaction terms.
Caregiving mastery functions as a moderator in the relationship between subjective demands and depression and anxiety, that is, at higher levels of caregiving mastery, the positive association between role overload and role captivity on depression and anxiety was weaker. Although there is a strong main effect of global mastery on mental health, it was not found to act as a moderator in this study.
The findings demonstrate the importance of evaluating role-specific measures, such as caregiving mastery, as well as assessing a variety of stressful demands, in order to explicate the pathways through which psychosocial resources exert their protective effects.
本研究检验了全球掌控感和照护掌控感在多大程度上调节了客观和主观压力源对阿尔茨海默病照护者的抑郁和焦虑症状的影响。
对 200 名配偶阿尔茨海默病患者的照护者样本进行了数据分析。通过 16 个独立模型，将抑郁和焦虑分别回归到两个客观需求指标（日常生活活动和行为问题）和两个主观需求指标（角色超载和角色束缚）上，同时与两个掌控感指标及其相关交互项相匹配。
照护掌控感在主观需求与抑郁和焦虑之间的关系中起到了调节作用，即照护掌控感越高，角色超载和角色束缚与抑郁和焦虑之间的正相关关系越弱。尽管全球掌控感对心理健康有很强的主效应，但在本研究中并未发现其起到调节作用。
研究结果表明，评估特定角色的指标（如照护掌控感）以及评估各种压力源的重要性，以便阐明心理社会资源发挥保护作用的途径。
