Department of International Health, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2011 Mar;33(1):22-30. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdq034. Epub 2010 May 18.
We aimed to assess the extent and the socioeconomic correlates of witnessed parental physical violence among university students in Albania, a country in transition from rigidly structured socialism to a market-oriented system.
2797 students (93% of all students) at the Medical Faculty, Tirana, filled out an anonymous structured questionnaire in April-June 2009. Information on witnessed father-to-mother physical violence during childhood and/or adolescence and sociodemographic and socioeconomic data were collected. The association of witnessed parental violence with socioeconomic factors was assessed with multivariable-adjusted logistic regression.
736 (26.7%) of students witnessed father-to-mother physical violence, and 36 (1.3%) reported 'very often' witnessing episodes. In multivariable-adjusted models, independent predictors of witnessed violence were: low family income [odds ratio (OR) = 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.7-3.2], rural origin (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.5-2.5), father's lower education and unemployment (OR = 5.4, 95% CI = 4.1-7.1 and OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.9-3.2, respectively) and mother's educational and employment advantage compared with the spouse (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.9-3.8 and OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.6-2.8, respectively).
Father's socioeconomic disadvantage and mother's socioeconomic empowerment were each independently related to increased risk for witnessed father-to-mother physical violence among university students in this transitional patriarchal society. Health professionals in post-communist Albania should be aware of the ways in which witnessed domestic violence influences physical and psychological health of young adults.
我们旨在评估阿尔巴尼亚大学生目睹父母身体暴力的程度及其与社会经济的关联，阿尔巴尼亚正从严格的中央计划经济向市场经济过渡。
2009 年 4 月至 6 月，塔兰纳的医学院的 2797 名学生（占所有学生的 93%）填写了一份匿名的结构化问卷。收集了关于童年和/或青春期目睹父亲对母亲身体暴力的信息以及社会人口统计学和社会经济数据。使用多变量调整的逻辑回归评估了目睹父母暴力与社会经济因素之间的关联。
736 名（26.7%）学生目睹了父亲对母亲的身体暴力，36 名（1.3%）报告“经常”目睹暴力事件。在多变量调整的模型中，目睹暴力的独立预测因素是：家庭收入低（优势比[OR] = 2.4，95%置信区间[CI] = 1.7-3.2），农村出身（OR = 1.9，95%CI = 1.5-2.5），父亲的受教育程度较低和失业（OR = 5.4，95%CI = 4.1-7.1 和 OR = 2.5，95%CI = 1.9-3.2），与配偶相比，母亲的教育和就业优势（OR = 2.7，95%CI = 1.9-3.8 和 OR = 2.2，95%CI = 1.6-2.8）。
在这个转型的父权制社会中，父亲的社会经济劣势和母亲的社会经济赋权都与大学生中目睹父亲对母亲身体暴力的风险增加独立相关。后共产主义阿尔巴尼亚的卫生专业人员应该意识到目睹家庭暴力对年轻人身心健康的影响方式。
