Goiato Marcelo Coelho, Haddad Marcela Filié, dos Santos Daniela Micheline, Pesqueira Aldiéris Alves, Ribeiro Paula do Prado, Moreno Amália
Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, University of the State of São Paulo (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
J Craniofac Surg. 2010 May;21(3):870-5. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181d80904.
The objectives of this study were, through a literature review, to point the differences between orbital implants and their advantages and disadvantages, to evaluate prosthesis motility after orbital implants are inserted, and to point the implant wrapping current risks. Sixty-seven articles were reviewed. Enucleation implants can be autoplastics or alloplastics and porous (including natural and synthetic hydroxyapatite [HA]) or nonporous (silicone). Hydroxyapatite is the most related in the literature, but it has disadvantages, too, that is, all orbital implants must be wrapped. Exposure of the porous orbital implant can be repaired using different materials, which include homologous tissue, as well as autogenous graft, xenograft, and synthetic material mesh. The most used materials are HA and porous polyethylene orbital implant. The HA implant is expensive and possibly subject corals to damage, different from porous polyethylene orbital implants. Porous implants show the best prosthesis motility and a minimum rate of implants extrusion. Implant wraps can facilitate smoother entry of the implant into the orbit and allow reattachment of extraocular muscles. They also serve as a barrier between the overlying soft tissue and the rough surface of the implant, protecting implants from exposure or erosion.
本研究的目的是通过文献综述指出眼眶植入物之间的差异及其优缺点，评估眼眶植入物植入后的假体活动度，并指出植入物包裹的当前风险。共查阅了67篇文章。眼球摘除植入物可以是自体材料或异体材料，有孔（包括天然和合成羟基磷灰石[HA]）或无孔（硅胶）。羟基磷灰石在文献中相关性最高，但它也有缺点，即所有眼眶植入物都必须包裹。多孔眼眶植入物的暴露可以使用不同材料修复，包括同种组织以及自体移植物、异种移植物和合成材料网。最常用的材料是HA和多孔聚乙烯眼眶植入物。HA植入物价格昂贵，可能会对珊瑚造成损害，这与多孔聚乙烯眼眶植入物不同。多孔植入物显示出最佳的假体活动度和最低的植入物挤出率。植入物包裹物可便于植入物更顺利地进入眼眶，并允许眼外肌重新附着。它们还可作为覆盖软组织与植入物粗糙表面之间的屏障，保护植入物不被暴露或侵蚀。
