Harihara Yasushi, Konishi Toshiro
Kanto Medical Center NTT EC, Tokyo 141-8625.
Masui. 2010 May;59(5):589-96.
Preventing surgical site infection (SSI) is important in providing safe and high-quality surgical care. Antimicrobial prophylaxis is given to prevent SSI. Many reports revealed that antimicrobial prophylaxis is effective to reduce SSI rates, when its initial dose is given at proper timing and additional dose is properly given in longer operations. Initial dose of antimicrobial prophylaxis is recommended to be administered within one hour before starting operation. Additional dose is recommended to be administered each two to three hours in longer operations. Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be given according to pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD). Beta-lactam drugs are recommended to be administered three or four times a day to obtain longer time above MIC and effective antimicrobial activity. In United States, Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP) is ongoing to reduce complications after surgery. Proper usage of antimicrobial prophylaxis is strongly recommended to reduce SSI in this project. Surgical team hopes to reduce SSI by proper administration of antimicrobial prophylaxis with the cooperatiing of anesthesiologists and operating room staffs.
预防手术部位感染（SSI）对于提供安全、高质量的手术护理至关重要。给予抗菌药物预防以防止SSI。许多报告显示，当抗菌药物预防的初始剂量在适当时间给予且在较长手术中适当给予额外剂量时，其对降低SSI发生率是有效的。抗菌药物预防的初始剂量建议在手术开始前一小时内给药。在较长手术中，建议每两到三小时给予一次额外剂量。抗菌药物预防应根据药代动力学/药效学（PK/PD）进行给药。推荐β-内酰胺类药物一天给药三到四次，以获得高于最低抑菌浓度（MIC）的更长时间和有效的抗菌活性。在美国，正在开展手术护理改进项目（SCIP）以减少术后并发症。强烈建议在该项目中正确使用抗菌药物预防以降低SSI。手术团队希望通过麻醉医生和手术室工作人员的合作，正确给予抗菌药物预防来降低SSI。
