van Kasteren M E, Gyssens I C, Kullberg B J, Bruining H A, Stobberingh E E, Goris R J
Academisch Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2000 Oct 21;144(43):2049-55.
The Stichting Werkgroep Antibioticabeleid (SWAB, Foundation Antibiotics Policy Team) has issued guidelines for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in Dutch hospitals. Antibiotic prophylaxis is generally recommended for surgical procedures with relatively high postoperative infection rates and those in which consequences of infection are really serious. Studies have revealed that prophylaxis given within two hours before incision is most effective. Short-term, preferably single-dose prophylaxis, is as effective as multiple-dose prophylaxis in most procedures. For reasons of cost effectiveness and prevention of induction of resistance, single-dose prophylaxis is recommended. The antimicrobial agent of choice for perioperative prophylaxis should not be widely used as a therapeutic agent, should be selectively active against micro-organisms most frequently isolated from surgical site infections, and should have a plasma-half-life that makes single-dosing possible for most operations. Therefore cefazoline is an agent that is widely used for perioperative prophylaxis.
荷兰抗生素政策团队基金会（SWAB）发布了荷兰医院围手术期抗生素预防的指南。对于术后感染率相对较高以及感染后果非常严重的外科手术，通常建议进行抗生素预防。研究表明，在切口前两小时内给予预防最为有效。在大多数手术中，短期（最好是单剂量）预防与多剂量预防效果相同。出于成本效益和防止耐药性产生的原因，推荐单剂量预防。围手术期预防的首选抗菌药物不应广泛用作治疗药物，应选择性地对手术部位感染中最常分离出的微生物具有活性，并且应具有血浆半衰期，以便大多数手术能够进行单剂量给药。因此，头孢唑林是一种广泛用于围手术期预防的药物。
