Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2525, USA.
J Evol Biol. 2010 Mar;23(3):609-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01930.x.
Extra energy devoted to resource acquisition speeds metabolic rate, but reduces the net yield of energy. In direct competition, microbial strains with high rates of resource acquisition often outcompete strains with slower resource acquisition but higher yield, reducing the net output of the group. Here, I use mathematical models to analyse the genetic and demographic factors that tip the balance toward either rate or yield. My models clarify the widely discussed roles of kin selection and the spatial structure of populations. I also emphasize the strong effect of two previously ignored factors: demographic aspects of colony survival and reproduction strongly shape the design of metabolic rate and efficiency, and competitive mutants within long-lived colonies favour rate over yield, degrading the efficiency of the population.
额外的能量投入到资源获取中会加速代谢率，但会降低能量的净产量。在直接竞争中，具有高资源获取率的微生物菌株通常会胜过资源获取较慢但产量较高的菌株，从而降低了群体的净产出。在这里，我使用数学模型来分析导致平衡向速率或产量倾斜的遗传和人口因素。我的模型阐明了广泛讨论的亲缘选择和种群空间结构的作用。我还强调了两个以前被忽视的因素的强烈影响：群体生存和繁殖的人口统计学方面强烈地塑造了代谢率和效率的设计，并且在长寿群体中的竞争突变体有利于速率而不是产量，降低了群体的效率。
