Romero-Olivares Adriana L, Meléndrez-Carballo Germán, Lago-Lestón Asunción, Treseder Kathleen K
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Ensenada Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education, Ensenada, Mexico.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Aug 20;10:1914. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01914. eCollection 2019.
Earth's temperature is rising, and with this increase, fungal communities are responding and affecting soil carbon processes. At a long-term soil-warming experiment in a boreal forest in interior Alaska, warming and warming-associated drying alters the function of microbes, and thus, decomposition of carbon. But what genetic mechanisms and resource allocation strategies are behind these community shifts and soil carbon changes? Here, we evaluate fungal resource allocation efforts under long-term experimental warming (including associated drying) using soil metatranscriptomics. We profiled resource allocation efforts toward decomposition and cell metabolic maintenance, and we characterized community composition. We found that under the warming treatment, fungi allocate resources to cell metabolic maintenance at the expense of allocating resources to decomposition. In addition, we found that fungal orders that house taxa with stress-tolerant traits were more abundant under the warmed treatment compared to control conditions. Our results suggest that the warming treatment elicits an ecological tradeoff in resource allocation in the fungal communities, with potential to change ecosystem-scale carbon dynamics. Fungi preferentially invest in mechanisms that will ensure survival under warming and drying, such as cell metabolic maintenance, rather than in decomposition. Through metatranscriptomes, we provide mechanistic insight behind the response of fungi to climate change and consequences to soil carbon processes.
地球温度正在上升，随着温度升高，真菌群落正在做出反应并影响土壤碳过程。在阿拉斯加内陆北方森林的一项长期土壤变暖实验中，变暖和与变暖相关的干燥改变了微生物的功能，进而影响了碳的分解。但是，这些群落变化和土壤碳变化背后的遗传机制和资源分配策略是什么呢？在这里，我们使用土壤宏转录组学评估长期实验性变暖（包括相关干燥）下真菌的资源分配情况。我们分析了用于分解和细胞代谢维持的资源分配情况，并对群落组成进行了表征。我们发现，在变暖处理下，真菌将资源分配给细胞代谢维持，而牺牲了用于分解的资源分配。此外，我们发现，与对照条件相比，在变暖处理下，具有耐逆性状分类群的真菌目更为丰富。我们的结果表明，变暖处理引发了真菌群落资源分配中的生态权衡，有可能改变生态系统尺度的碳动态。真菌优先投资于能确保在变暖和干燥条件下生存的机制，如细胞代谢维持，而不是分解。通过宏转录组，我们提供了真菌对气候变化的响应及其对土壤碳过程影响背后的机制性见解。
