Burkett Brendan, Mellifont Rebecca, Mason Bruce
Faculty of Science, Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia.
J Appl Biomech. 2010 May;26(2):134-41. doi: 10.1123/jab.26.2.134.
This study compared the components of the 15-m swimming start for 20 international male Olympic and Paralympic swimmers. The time, distance, and velocity components for freestyle swimming were measured. There were significantly (p < .05) different absolute and relative swim start measures among the swimming groups. Using stepwise regression three variables significantly influenced the start to 15-m time: (i) underwater velocity, (ii) free swim velocity, and (iii) whether the swimmer had cerebral palsy. This new knowledge provides useful information for swimmers and coaches on which components to prioritize, along with the practical applications of improving the streamline position to increase underwater velocity and to ensure that the transition from underwater to surface breakout occurs at the optimal time for maximum free swim velocity.
本研究比较了20名国际男性奥运会和残奥会游泳运动员15米游泳出发的各个组成部分。测量了自由泳的时间、距离和速度组成部分。各游泳组之间的绝对和相对游泳出发测量值存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。通过逐步回归分析，有三个变量对游至15米的时间有显著影响：（i）水下速度，（ii）自由泳速度，以及（iii）游泳运动员是否患有脑瘫。这一新知识为游泳运动员和教练提供了有用信息，可据此确定哪些组成部分应优先考虑，以及改善流线型姿势以提高水下速度并确保从水下到水面的突破在最佳时间发生以实现最大自由泳速度的实际应用。
