Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543.
J Exp Bot. 2010 Jun;61(11):2889-903. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erq147. Epub 2010 May 25.
In contrast to animals, plants maintain highly plastic growth and development throughout their life, which enables them to adapt to environmental fluctuations. Phytohormones coordinately regulate these adaptations by integrating environmental inputs into a complex signalling network. In this review, the focus is on the rapid elongation that occurs in response to canopy shading or submergence, and current knowledge and recent advances in deciphering the network of phytohormone signalling that regulates this response are explored. The review concentrates on the involvement of the phytohormones auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, and ethylene. Despite the occurrence of considerable gaps in current understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms, it was possible to identify a network of phytohormone signalling intermediates at multiple levels that regulates elongation growth in response to canopy shade or submergence. Based on the observations that there are spatial and temporal differences in the interactions of phytohormones, the importance of more integrative approaches for future studies is highlighted.
与动物不同，植物在其整个生命周期中保持高度可塑性的生长和发育，这使它们能够适应环境波动。植物激素通过将环境输入整合到复杂的信号网络中来协调这些适应。在这篇综述中，重点是探讨对冠层遮荫或淹没的快速伸长反应，以及当前对解码调节这种反应的植物激素信号网络的知识和最新进展。该综述集中于植物激素生长素、赤霉素、细胞分裂素和乙烯的参与。尽管目前对潜在分子机制的理解还存在相当大的差距，但有可能在多个层面上确定一个调节冠层遮荫或淹没时伸长生长的植物激素信号中间体网络。基于观察到植物激素相互作用存在时空差异，突出强调了未来研究中更具综合性方法的重要性。
