Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07747 Jena, Germany.
J Biomater Appl. 2011 Nov;26(4):451-64. doi: 10.1177/0885328210367830. Epub 2010 May 28.
In the development of new implants biomechanical testing is essential. Since human bones vary markedly in density and geometry their suitability for biomechanical testing is limited. In contrast artificial bones are of great uniformity and therefore appropriate for biomechanical testing. However, the applied artificial bones have to be proved as comparable to human bone. An anatomical shaped artificial bone representing the distal human femur was created by foaming polyurethane. To get a bone model with properties of osteoporotic bone a foam density of 150 kg/m3 was used. The biomechanical properties of our artificial bones were evaluated against eight mildly osteoporotic fresh frozen human femora by mechanical testing. At the artificial bones all tested parameters showed a very small variation. In contrast significant correlation between bone mass density and tested parameters was found for the human bones. The artificial bones reached 39% of the compression strength and 41% of the screw pullout force of the human bone. In indentation testing the artificial bones reached 27% (cancellous) and 59% (cortical) respectively of the human bones strength. Regarding Shore hardness artificial bone and human bone showed comparable results for the cortical layer and at the cancellous layer the artificial bone reached 57% of human bones hardness. Our described method for customizing of artificial bones regarding their shape and bone stock quality provides suitable results. In relation to the as mildly osteoporotic classified human bones we assume that the biomechanical properties matching to serve osteoporotic bone.
在新型植入物的开发中，生物力学测试是必不可少的。由于人体骨骼在密度和几何形状上存在显著差异，因此其适用于生物力学测试的程度有限。相比之下，人造骨骼具有高度的均一性，因此适合生物力学测试。然而，所应用的人造骨骼必须被证明与人体骨骼具有可比性。通过发泡聚氨酯制造了一种具有解剖形状的人造骨，代表了人类股骨的远端。为了获得具有骨质疏松症骨骼特性的骨骼模型，使用了 150kg/m3 的泡沫密度。通过机械测试，对我们的人造骨骼与 8 个轻度骨质疏松的新鲜冷冻人体股骨进行了生物力学性能评估。在人造骨中，所有测试参数的变化都非常小。相比之下，在人体骨骼中发现了骨密度与测试参数之间的显著相关性。人造骨的压缩强度达到了人体骨的 39%，螺钉拔出力达到了人体骨的 41%。在压痕测试中，人造骨分别达到了人体骨强度的 27%（松质骨）和 59%（皮质骨）。就肖氏硬度而言，人造骨和人体骨在皮质层表现出相似的结果，而在松质骨层，人造骨达到了人体骨硬度的 57%。我们描述的关于人造骨形状和骨库存质量定制的方法提供了合适的结果。鉴于被归类为轻度骨质疏松的人体骨骼，我们假设其生物力学性能匹配用于骨质疏松症骨骼。
