Christchurch Health and Development Study, University of Otago, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box 4345, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Br J Psychiatry. 2010 Jun;196(6):440-6. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.065912.
Research on the comorbidity between cigarette smoking and major depression has not elucidated the pathways by which smoking is associated with depression.
To examine the causal relationships between smoking and depression via fixed-effects regression and structural equation modelling.
Data were gathered on nicotine-dependence symptoms and depressive symptoms in early adulthood using a birth cohort of over 1000 individuals.
Adjustment for confounding factors revealed persistent significant (P<0.05) associations between nicotine-dependence symptoms and depressive symptoms. Structural equation modelling suggested that the best-fitting causal model was one in which nicotine dependence led to increased risk of depression. The findings suggest that the comorbidity between smoking and depression arises from two routes; the first involving common or correlated risk factors and the second a direct path in which smoking increases the risk of depression.
This evidence is consistent with the conclusion that there is a cause and effect relationship between smoking and depression in which cigarette smoking increases the risk of symptoms of depression.
关于吸烟和重度抑郁症共病的研究尚未阐明吸烟与抑郁相关的途径。
通过固定效应回归和结构方程模型检验吸烟与抑郁之间的因果关系。
使用一个超过 1000 人的出生队列，在成年早期收集尼古丁依赖症状和抑郁症状的数据。
调整混杂因素后，尼古丁依赖症状与抑郁症状之间仍存在显著的（P<0.05）关联。结构方程模型表明，最佳拟合的因果模型是尼古丁依赖导致抑郁风险增加。研究结果表明，吸烟和抑郁之间的共病有两个途径；第一个途径涉及共同或相关的风险因素，第二个途径是吸烟直接增加患抑郁的风险。
这一证据与吸烟和抑郁之间存在因果关系的结论一致，即吸烟会增加抑郁症状的风险。
