Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Bldg, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2010 Aug;69(3):286-9. doi: 10.1017/S0029665110001722. Epub 2010 Jun 2.
Vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been shown to be important regulators of the immune system. In particular, vitamin D and VDR deficiency exacerbates experimental autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD develops due to an immune-mediated attack by pathogenic T-cells that overproduce IL-17 and IFN-gamma and a few regulatory cells. VDR knockout mice have twice as many T-cells making IL-17 and IFN-gamma than wild-type mice. In addition, vitamin D and the VDR are required for normal numbers of regulatory T-cells (iNKT and CD8alphaalpha) that have been shown to suppress experimental IBD. In the absence of vitamin D and the VDR, autoimmunity occurs in the gastrointestinal tract due to increased numbers of IL-17 and IFN-gamma secreting T-cells and a concomitant reduction in regulatory T-cells.
维生素 D 和维生素 D 受体 (VDR) 已被证明是免疫系统的重要调节剂。特别是，维生素 D 和 VDR 缺乏会加重实验性自身免疫性疾病，如炎症性肠病 (IBD)。IBD 的发展是由于致病性 T 细胞的免疫介导攻击，这些 T 细胞过度产生 IL-17 和 IFN-γ以及一些调节性细胞。VDR 敲除小鼠产生的 IL-17 和 IFN-γ的 T 细胞数量是野生型小鼠的两倍。此外，维生素 D 和 VDR 对于正常数量的调节性 T 细胞（iNKT 和 CD8alphaalpha）是必需的，这些细胞已被证明可以抑制实验性 IBD。在缺乏维生素 D 和 VDR 的情况下，由于 IL-17 和 IFN-γ 分泌 T 细胞数量增加和调节性 T 细胞数量减少，胃肠道会发生自身免疫。
