Department of Physiological Sciences, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas, São Paulo, Cep: 13045-610, Brazil.
J Dent Educ. 2010 Jun;74(6):661-6.
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of emergencies in dental practices and the prepared-ness and the training experience in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of Brazilian dentists in dealing with emergencies. The volunteer participants in the study were 498 Brazilian dentists who were present at the 27th International Congress of Dentistry in São Paulo. The most prevalent emergency was presyncope (reported by 54.20 percent of respondents), followed by orthostatic hypotension (44.37 percent), moderate allergic reactions (16.86 percent), hypertensive crisis (15.06 percent), asthma (15.06 percent), syncope (12.65 percent), angina (6.82 percent), convulsion (6.22 percent), hypoglycemia (5.62 percent), hyperventilation crisis (5.22 percent), choking (2.20 percent), and cerebrovascular accident (0.8 percent). Anaphylaxis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest were the rarest emergencies, reported by only 0.4, 0.2, and 0.2 percent of dentists, respectively. Only 41 percent of the dentists judged themselves capable to diagnose the cause of an emergency during a dental visit. The majority responded that they would be capable of performing initial treatment of presyncope, syncope, orthostatic hypotension, convulsion, and choking. However, most of them felt unable to treat anaphylaxis, myocardial infarction, or cardiac arrest. Further, the majority felt unable to perform CPR or undertake an intravenous injection. It was concluded that the most prevalent medical emergencies in dental practice of Brazilian dentists are presyncope and orthostatic hypotension. The occurrence of life-threatening medical emergencies like anaphylaxis, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, and cerebrovascular accident is rare. Brazilian dentists are not fully prepared to manage medical emergencies and have insufficient experience training in CPR.
本研究的主要目的是评估巴西牙医在处理急症时牙科诊所的紧急情况发生率、心肺复苏术（CPR）的准备情况和培训经验。研究的志愿者参与者是 498 名出席在圣保罗举行的第 27 届国际牙科大会的巴西牙医。最常见的紧急情况是晕厥前期（54.20%的受访者报告），其次是体位性低血压（44.37%）、中度过敏反应（16.86%）、高血压危象（15.06%）、哮喘（15.06%）、晕厥（12.65%）、心绞痛（6.82%）、惊厥（6.22%）、低血糖（5.62%）、换气过度危象（5.22%）、窒息（2.20%）和脑血管意外（0.8%）。过敏反应、心肌梗死和心搏骤停是最罕见的紧急情况，分别仅被 0.4%、0.2%和 0.2%的牙医报告。只有 41%的牙医认为自己能够在牙科就诊时诊断出紧急情况的原因。大多数牙医回答说他们能够对晕厥前期、晕厥、体位性低血压、惊厥和窒息进行初步治疗。然而，他们大多数人认为自己无法治疗过敏反应、心肌梗死或心搏骤停。此外，他们大多数人认为自己无法进行心肺复苏术或进行静脉注射。研究结论是，巴西牙医在牙科实践中最常见的医疗紧急情况是晕厥前期和体位性低血压。发生危及生命的医疗紧急情况，如过敏反应、心肌梗死、心搏骤停和脑血管意外的情况较为罕见。巴西牙医在处理医疗紧急情况方面准备不足，心肺复苏术培训经验不足。
