Fenga C, Di Nola C, Maviglia P, Cacciola A, Nardella C
Sezione di Medicina del Lavoro-Dipartimento di Medicina Sociale del Territorio, Università degli Studi di Messina, Italy.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2009 Jul-Sep;31(3 Suppl B):B56-63.
Occupational stress literature emphasizes the importance of assessment and management of work related stress. The recognition of the harmful physical and psychological effects of occupational stress on both individuals and organizations is widely studied in Europe. In Italy such legislation was introduced by Legislative Decree 81/2008. Objective of the present study was to evaluate the occupational stress level of a shopping centre employees. A sample of 50 workers, 54% male (n = 27) and 46% female (n = 23) underwent to the Occupational Stress Index (OSI) questionnaire, used to examine occupational stress level of employees through the evaluation of work organization, individual characteristics, coping strategies, and psychosomatic effects of the stress. The results of OS were compared to the stress levels of a reference population. Results of data analysis provided evidence that the work organization of the examined shopping centre was good and there was no correlation between work characteristics, personality patterns, coping strategies and the psychosomatic effects of the stress. In addition a negative relationship between job satisfaction and length of service was found. Improvements in working conditions as well as early diagnosis are essential for preventing further increases in these disorders among workers. The next step would be multidisciplinary intervention studies aimed at the work environment, with the goal of identifying scientifically-based strategies that are most effective in preventing occupational stress.
职业压力相关文献强调了工作压力评估与管理的重要性。在欧洲，职业压力对个人和组织产生的有害生理和心理影响已得到广泛研究。在意大利，第81/2008号立法令引入了此类立法。本研究的目的是评估一家购物中心员工的职业压力水平。50名员工参与了调查，其中男性占54%（n = 27），女性占46%（n = 23），他们接受了职业压力指数（OSI）问卷调查，该问卷用于通过评估工作组织、个人特征、应对策略以及压力的身心影响来检测员工的职业压力水平。将职业压力调查结果与参照人群的压力水平进行了比较。数据分析结果表明，所调查购物中心的工作组织良好，工作特征、性格模式、应对策略与压力的身心影响之间不存在相关性。此外，还发现工作满意度与服务年限之间呈负相关。改善工作条件以及早期诊断对于防止这些疾病在员工中进一步增加至关重要。下一步将是针对工作环境开展多学科干预研究，目标是确定在预防职业压力方面最有效的基于科学的策略。
