Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2010 Jun;10(6):915-24. doi: 10.1586/ern.10.55.
Neurotrophic factors are a subset of growth factors that promote survival, differentiation and maintenance of neuronal cells in the developing and adult nervous systems. These factors can potentially be a vital tool for the treatment of progressive neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Impairments of initiation and control of movements caused by significant degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in PD can be targeted by intracerebral infusion of recombinant protein, cell-based ex vivo therapy or viral vector-mediated in vivo gene therapy using the neurotrophic factors. Since the finding that the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor might promote survival and regeneration of dopaminergic neurons in experimental models and recent clinical trials, the use of neurotrophic factors has been considered central in novel therapeutic strategies that slow or reverse the deleterious symptoms in advanced PD. This article summarizes a series of neurotrophic factors that provide neuroprotection or restoration for dopaminergic neurons in PD, and the potential clinical availability of this approach for the treatment of patients with PD.
神经营养因子是生长因子的一个子集，可促进发育中和成年神经系统中神经元细胞的存活、分化和维持。这些因子可能是治疗进行性神经退行性疾病（包括帕金森病）的重要工具。帕金森病中黑质纹状体多巴胺能神经元的显著退化导致运动的起始和控制受损，可以通过脑内输注重组蛋白、基于细胞的体外治疗或病毒载体介导的体内基因治疗，使用神经营养因子来靶向治疗。自发现胶质细胞系衍生的神经营养因子可能促进实验模型和最近临床试验中多巴胺能神经元的存活和再生以来，神经营养因子的使用已被认为是减缓或逆转晚期帕金森病中有害症状的新治疗策略的核心。本文总结了一系列神经营养因子，它们为帕金森病中的多巴胺能神经元提供神经保护或修复，并概述了这种方法治疗帕金森病患者的潜在临床可行性。
