Svensson T H, Grenhoff J
Medicinsk Farmakologi, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
Lakartidningen. 1991 May 29;88(22):2066-71.
Cigarette smoking and other forms of tobacco usage may be described as pharmacological nicotine-dependence. In the article are reviewed recent findings regarding nicotine dependence and its neuropharmacological basis. Nicotine acts via nicotinic receptors, and its dependence-promoting properties appear to be chiefly mediated by stimulation of noradrenaline and dopamine neurons in the brain, which may help to explain the excessive tobacco consumption associated with certain psychiatric disorders. Pharmacological treatment with nicotine substitution has been shown to improve prognosis significantly in smoking cessation programmes. New forms of non-addictive treatment are suggested by recent neuropharmacological findings.
吸烟及其他形式的烟草使用可被描述为药理学上的尼古丁依赖。本文回顾了有关尼古丁依赖及其神经药理学基础的最新研究结果。尼古丁通过烟碱型受体发挥作用，其促进依赖的特性似乎主要由刺激大脑中的去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺神经元介导，这可能有助于解释与某些精神障碍相关的过度烟草消费现象。尼古丁替代的药物治疗已被证明在戒烟项目中能显著改善预后。近期的神经药理学研究结果提示了新的非成瘾性治疗形式。
