Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2010 Jul;21(7):1021-7. doi: 10.1177/0956797610373372. Epub 2010 Jun 2.
In an experience-sampling study, we tested the influence of goal progress on subsequent effort toward that goal among persons with bipolar disorder (BD) and among control subjects without BD. We hypothesized, overall, that unexpectedly low progress toward a goal would lead to an increase in subsequent effort toward that goal, and unexpectedly high progress would lead to a decrease in effort (permitting effort to be shifted to another goal). Drawing on literature relating BD to elevated goal-approach sensitivity, we hypothesized that persons with BD would be less responsive to unexpectedly high progress than would control subjects. Participants answered questions three times a day, for 21 days, about three goals. The results of the study confirmed our overall hypothesis. In addition, although the reactions of persons with BD did not differ from the reactions of control subjects after lower-than-expected goal progress, persons with BD decreased effort toward goals significantly less than did control subjects after better-than-expected goal progress.
在一项经验抽样研究中，我们测试了目标进展对双相情感障碍（BD）患者和无 BD 的对照组个体随后向该目标努力的影响。我们总体上假设，意外的低目标进展会导致随后对该目标的努力增加，而意外的高进展会导致努力减少（允许努力转移到另一个目标）。参考与 BD 相关的目标接近敏感性的文献，我们假设与对照组相比，BD 患者对意外的高进展反应不那么敏感。参与者每天三次回答 21 天关于三个目标的问题。研究结果证实了我们的总体假设。此外，尽管在低于预期的目标进展后，BD 患者的反应与对照组没有差异，但在高于预期的目标进展后，BD 患者对目标的努力减少幅度明显小于对照组。
