Department of Physiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
J Med Food. 2010 Jun;13(3):572-8. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2009.1242.
Although vascular dementia is the second leading cause of dementia and often underdiagnosed, there are no drugs yet approved for the treatment of vascular dementia. In this study, it is demonstrated that water extract of Triticum aestivum L. (TALE) and some of its components have protective effects against vascular dementia-induced damage by preserving the myelin sheath and inhibiting astrocytic activation. The memory test used a vascular dementia model utilizing bilateral ligation of the carotid arteries of rats. TALE, some of its components, such as starch, total dietary fiber (TDF), arabinoxylan, beta-glucan, and degraded products of arabinoxylan, such as arabinose and xylose, were administered to the animals from day 8 to day 14, following the surgery. Twenty-one days after the surgery, the water maze test was performed for 5 days, and the time taken to find the platform during training trials (mean escape latency) was measured. The mean escape latency was decreased consistently in the TALE-, starch-, TDF-, arabinoxylan-, and arabinose-treated groups, compared with that in the vascular dementia group. To measure brain damage, Luxol fast blue staining and immunohistochemistry of myelin basic protein (MBP) were performed to observe myelin sheath in the white matter, and immunohistochemistry of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was performed to observe the astrocytic reaction. Vascular dementia reduced the MBP level and increased the GFAP level. Arabinose effectively inhibited the MBP and GFAP change, whereas arabinoxylan inhibited the GFAP change only. These results suggest that TALE and some of its components can be used as a medicinal material for the development of neuroprotective agents against vascular dementia.
尽管血管性痴呆是痴呆症的第二大主要病因，且常常被漏诊，但目前尚无治疗血管性痴呆的药物。在这项研究中，证明了小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)的水提取物（TALE）及其某些成分具有保护作用，可以通过保护髓鞘和抑制星形胶质细胞激活来抵抗血管性痴呆引起的损伤。用于记忆测试的血管性痴呆模型是利用大鼠双侧颈总动脉结扎来建立的。TALE 及其某些成分，如淀粉、总膳食纤维（TDF）、阿拉伯木聚糖、β-葡聚糖以及阿拉伯木聚糖的降解产物阿拉伯糖和木糖，从手术后第 8 天到第 14 天，被给予动物。手术后 21 天，进行了水迷宫测试，持续 5 天，并测量了训练试验中找到平台的时间（平均逃避潜伏期）。与血管性痴呆组相比，TALE、淀粉、TDF、阿拉伯木聚糖和阿拉伯糖处理组的平均逃避潜伏期持续降低。为了测量脑损伤，进行了卢索快速蓝染色和髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）的免疫组织化学，以观察白质中的髓鞘，以及胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的免疫组织化学，以观察星形胶质细胞的反应。血管性痴呆降低了 MBP 水平并增加了 GFAP 水平。阿拉伯糖有效抑制了 MBP 和 GFAP 的变化，而阿拉伯木聚糖仅抑制了 GFAP 的变化。这些结果表明，TALE 及其某些成分可作为开发针对血管性痴呆的神经保护剂的药用材料。
