Bruera Eduardo, MacMillan Karen, Hanson John, MacDonald Neil R
Palliative Care Unit, Edmonton General Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, and Cross Cancer Institute, EdmontonCanada.
Pain. 1991 Feb;44(2):167-169. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(91)90132-H.
In a prospective open study we tested the Edmonton injector (EI), a device designed by our group for subcutaneous injection of narcotics. In 25 patients, the EI was used for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA); mean duration of treatment was 28 +/- 10 days. Mean equivalent daily dose of morphine was 160 +/- 85 mg. All patients found the EI safe and simple to operate. The main reason for discontinuation was death (10 cases) or return to oral narcotics (8 cases). In 20 patients who were admitted to the hospital and were too ill to learn PCA, the EI was used for regular s.c. administration by nurses. Narcotics were administered every 4 h and extra doses were administered on a 'PRN' basis. Waiting time for a 'PRN' dose in 8 patients before starting the EI was 18 +/- 7 min; after the EI was started, it was 3 +/- 4 min (P less than 0.01). We conclude that the EI is safe, effective and inexpensive, and that it will be particularly useful in smaller hospitals and developing countries.
在一项前瞻性开放性研究中，我们测试了埃德蒙顿注射器（EI），这是我们团队设计的一种用于皮下注射麻醉药品的装置。在25例患者中，EI用于患者自控镇痛（PCA）；平均治疗时长为28±10天。吗啡的平均等效日剂量为160±85毫克。所有患者均认为EI安全且操作简便。停用的主要原因是死亡（10例）或恢复口服麻醉药品（8例）。在20例入院且病情过重无法学习PCA的患者中，EI由护士用于常规皮下给药。每4小时给予一次麻醉药品，并根据“必要时”原则给予额外剂量。在开始使用EI之前，8例患者等待“必要时”剂量的时间为18±7分钟；开始使用EI后，该时间为3±4分钟（P<0.01）。我们得出结论，EI安全、有效且价格低廉，在较小的医院和发展中国家将特别有用。
