Department of Molecular Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNI), Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, Hamburg, Germany.
Parasitol Res. 2010 Aug;107(3):657-66. doi: 10.1007/s00436-010-1912-0. Epub 2010 Jun 4.
Ectopic secondary lymph follicles emerge in patients with autoimmune or infectious diseases, e.g. in the synovium in rheumatoid arthritis or the skin in Borrelia burgdorferi infection, but ectopic localisations in the skin are rarely described for helminth infections. We investigated the cellular composition of secondary lymph follicles in subcutaneous nodules from eight patients with hyperreactive onchocerciasis (synonymous "localised" form or sowda) using immunohistology. CD3- and CD45RO-positive T cells and CD20-positive B cells were present in the mantle zone. The germinal centre was characterised by many B cells and CD35-positive follicular dendritic cells, which formed a network of attached IgE- and CD23-positive cells with the low-affinity IgE (epsilon) receptor. Few of the B cells were labelled for IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4, whereas in other zones of the nodule IgG1 was expressed by plasma cells and IgG1-coated dead microfilariae. B cells and few macrophages expressed the MHC class II molecule HLA-DR. Mature CD68-positive tingible body macrophages with phagocytosed leukocytes and CD57-positive lymphocytes occurred in the germinal centre. Macrophages in the germinal centre only weakly expressed alpha1-antichymotrypsin in contrast to macrophages in other zones of the onchocercoma. Furthermore, the multifunctional cytokine TGF-beta was only weakly expressed by macrophages and lymphocytes in the secondary follicles. Only few tryptase-positive mast cells, calprotectin-positive young macrophages, eosinophils and neutrophils occurred in the secondary follicles, although these cells were abundant in the onchocercomas. In conclusion, the ectopic secondary lymph follicles in onchocercomas and lymph nodes from hyperreactive onchocerciasis patients are equally composed.
在自身免疫或感染性疾病患者中，会出现异位二级淋巴滤泡，例如类风湿关节炎中的滑膜或伯氏疏螺旋体感染中的皮肤，但在寄生虫感染中，皮肤的异位定位很少被描述。我们使用免疫组织化学研究了 8 例超敏性盘尾丝虫病（同义的“局部”形式或 sowda）患者皮下结节中的二级淋巴滤泡的细胞组成。Mantle 区存在 CD3-和 CD45RO-阳性 T 细胞和 CD20-阳性 B 细胞。生发中心的特征是许多 B 细胞和 CD35-阳性滤泡树突状细胞，它们形成了一个附着的 IgE-和 CD23-阳性细胞网络，与低亲和力 IgE（epsilon）受体相连。很少有 B 细胞被标记为 IgG1、IgG2 和 IgG4，而在结节的其他区域，IgG1 由浆细胞和 IgG1 包被的死亡微丝蚴表达。B 细胞和少数巨噬细胞表达 MHC Ⅱ类分子 HLA-DR。成熟的 CD68-阳性可染体巨噬细胞吞噬白细胞和 CD57-阳性淋巴细胞，发生在生发中心。与在盘尾丝虫瘤的其他区域的巨噬细胞相比，生发中心的巨噬细胞仅弱表达 alpha1-抗糜蛋白酶。此外，多功能细胞因子 TGF-β仅由生发中心的巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞弱表达。虽然在盘尾丝虫瘤中这些细胞丰富，但在次级滤泡中仅出现少数 tryptase-阳性肥大细胞、calprotectin-阳性年轻巨噬细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞。总之，超敏性盘尾丝虫病患者的异位次级淋巴滤泡和淋巴结中的次级淋巴滤泡组成相同。
