Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0244, USA.
Cereb Cortex. 2011 Feb;21(2):338-44. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhq099. Epub 2010 Jun 4.
Most, if not all, cortical neurons possess a single primary cilium; however, little is known about the mechanisms that control neuronal ciliogenesis. The Citron kinase-deficient (Citron-K(fh/fh)) rat, a model in which failed cytokinesis during development produces cortical neurons containing multiple cellular organelles, provides a unique system in which to examine the relationship between centriole inheritance and neuronal ciliogenesis. In this study, we analyzed the cerebral cortex of these animals using immunohistochemistry, serial confocal, and electron microscopy to determine if the multinucleated neurons present in the cortex of these animals also possess multiple centrioles and cilia. We found that neurons containing multiple nuclei possessed multiple centrioles and cilia whose lengths varied across cortical regions. Despite the presence of multiple cilia, we found that perinatal expression of adenylyl cyclase III, a cilia-specific marker, and somatostatin receptor 3, a receptor enriched in cilia, were preserved in developing Citron-K(fh/fh) brain. Together, these results show that multinucleated neurons arising from defective cytokinesis can extend multiple cilia.
大多数（如果不是全部的话）皮质神经元都拥有一个初级纤毛；然而，关于控制神经元纤毛发生的机制，我们知之甚少。Citron 激酶缺陷型（Citron-K(fh/fh)）大鼠是一种模型，其在发育过程中细胞分裂失败会产生含有多个细胞器的皮质神经元，为研究中心体遗传和神经元纤毛发生之间的关系提供了一个独特的系统。在这项研究中，我们使用免疫组织化学、连续共聚焦和电子显微镜分析了这些动物的大脑皮层，以确定这些动物大脑皮层中存在的多核神经元是否也拥有多个中心体和纤毛。我们发现，含有多个细胞核的神经元拥有多个中心体和纤毛，其长度在不同的皮层区域有所不同。尽管存在多个纤毛，但我们发现，在发育中的 Citron-K(fh/fh)大脑中，腺嘌呤核苷酸环化酶 III（一种纤毛特异性标志物）和生长抑素受体 3（一种富含纤毛的受体）的围产期表达得到了保留。这些结果表明，源自细胞分裂缺陷的多核神经元可以延伸出多个纤毛。
