Animal Research Institute, School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
J Anim Sci. 2010 Oct;88(10):3327-36. doi: 10.2527/jas.2009-2719. Epub 2010 Jun 4.
Swine dysentery is a contagious mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease caused by the intestinal spirochete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae that colonizes and induces inflammation of the cecum and colon. It has been reported that a diet containing chicory root and sweet lupin can prevent swine dysentery. This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that inulin in the chicory root rather than galactans in lupins was responsible for protective effects. An experiment with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was undertaken using pigs fed barley- and triticale-based diets, with the main effects being protein source [185 g/kg of canola meal (decreased galactans) or 220 g/kg of lupins (greater galactans)] and inulin supplementation (0 or 80 g/kg). Forty Large White × Landrace pigs weighing 21 ± 3 kg, with 10 pigs per diet, were allowed to adapt to the diets for 2 wk, and then each pig was challenged orally 4 times with a broth culture containing B. hyodysenteriae on consecutive days. Pigs were killed when they showed clinical signs of dysentery or 6 wk postchallenge. Pigs fed diets without inulin had 8.3 times greater risk (P = 0.017) of developing swine dysentery and were 16 times more likely (P = 0.004) to have colon contents that were culture-positive for B. hyodysenteriae, compared with the pigs fed a diet with 80 g/kg of inulin. Diets containing lupins did not prevent pigs from developing clinical swine dysentery; however, inclusion of lupins or inulin or both in the diets delayed the onset of disease compared with the diet based mainly on canola meal (P < 0.05). Diet did not influence the total concentration of organic acids in the ileum, cecum, or upper and lower colon; however, the molar proportions of the organic acids were influenced (P < 0.05). Consequently the pH values in the cecum, and upper and lower colon were not influenced (P > 0.05) by diet. However the pH values of the ileal digesta were decreased in pigs fed the diet with both lupins and inulin compared with the diet containing only lupins (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study shows that diets supplemented with highly fermentable carbohydrates from inulin protected pigs against developing swine dysentery.
猪痢疾是一种传染性黏液出血性腹泻病，由定居并诱导盲肠和结肠炎症的肠道螺旋体巴氏杆菌引起。据报道，含有菊苣根和甜巢菜的饮食可以预防猪痢疾。本实验旨在验证这样一种假设，即菊苣根中的菊糖而不是巢菜中的半乳聚糖是保护性作用的原因。进行了一项具有 2×2 因子处理设计的实验，使用基于大麦和黑麦的日粮喂养猪，主要影响因素是蛋白质来源[185 克/千克的菜籽油粉（降低半乳聚糖）或 220 克/千克的巢菜（增加半乳聚糖）]和菊糖补充剂（0 或 80 克/千克）。40 头体重为 21±3 千克的长白猪×兰德瑞斯猪，每 10 头猪一组，适应日粮 2 周，然后连续 4 天每天用含巴氏杆菌的肉汤培养物对每头猪进行口服攻毒。当猪出现痢疾临床症状或攻毒后 6 周时，将猪处死。与饲喂含 80 克/千克菊糖日粮的猪相比，不饲喂菊糖的猪发生猪痢疾的风险高 8.3 倍（P=0.017），且粪便中巴氏杆菌培养阳性的可能性高 16 倍（P=0.004）。含巢菜的日粮并没有阻止猪发生临床猪痢疾；然而，与主要基于菜籽油粉的日粮相比，日粮中添加巢菜或菊糖或两者都可延迟疾病的发生（P<0.05）。日粮不影响回肠、盲肠和上、下段结肠中有机酸的总浓度，但影响有机酸的摩尔比例（P<0.05）。因此，日粮不影响盲肠和上、下段结肠内容物的 pH 值（P>0.05）。然而，与仅含巢菜的日粮相比，饲喂含巢菜和菊糖的日粮的猪回肠食糜的 pH 值降低（P<0.05）。总之，本研究表明，补充高可发酵性碳水化合物菊糖的日粮可保护猪免受猪痢疾的侵害。
