Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
Future Oncol. 2010 Jun;6(6):993-1002. doi: 10.2217/fon.10.53.
The systemic therapy for colorectal cancer has advanced from essentially a single, partially effective agent, 5-fluorouracil, to a combination of cytotoxics and antibodies offering increased survival. In addition to damage of DNA through agents, such as oxaliplatin and irinotecan, and inhibition of DNA replication, a promising approach involves modifying the control of gene expression, including epigenetic control. Modulation of invasion and metastasis should become increasingly important. Inhibition of growth-factor signaling with small-molecule drugs and antibodies can be a part of this effort. Further progress in the control of gene expression in colon cancer may be achieved with miRNAs and RNA interference if technical problems can be overcome. A number of genetic changes in colorectal cancer progression have been identified and offer targets for future therapy.
结直肠癌的系统治疗已经从单一的、部分有效的药物（5-氟尿嘧啶）发展到联合细胞毒药物和抗体，以提高生存率。除了通过奥沙利铂和伊立替康等药物对 DNA 造成损伤和抑制 DNA 复制外，一种有前途的方法是调节基因表达的控制，包括表观遗传控制。调节侵袭和转移应该变得越来越重要。用小分子药物和抗体抑制生长因子信号可以成为这一努力的一部分。如果能够克服技术问题，miRNAs 和 RNA 干扰可能会在控制结肠癌中的基因表达方面取得进一步进展。在结直肠癌进展过程中已经确定了一些遗传变化，并为未来的治疗提供了靶点。
