Arrington Amanda K, Heinrich Eileen L, Lee Wendy, Duldulao Marjun, Patel Supriya, Sanchez Julian, Garcia-Aguilar Julio, Kim Joseph
Division of Surgical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2012 Sep 25;13(10):12153-68. doi: 10.3390/ijms131012153.
The RAS gene family is among the most studied and best characterized of the known cancer-related genes. Of the three human ras isoforms, KRAS is the most frequently altered gene, with mutations occurring in 17%-25% of all cancers. In particular, approximately 30%-40% of colon cancers harbor a KRAS mutation. KRAS mutations in colon cancers have been associated with poorer survival and increased tumor aggressiveness. Additionally, KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer lead to resistance to select treatment strategies. In this review we examine the history of KRAS, its prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer, and evidence supporting its predictive value in determining appropriate therapies for patients with colorectal cancer.
RAS基因家族是已知的与癌症相关基因中研究最多、特征最明确的基因之一。在三种人类ras亚型中，KRAS是最常发生改变的基因，在所有癌症中，其突变发生率为17% - 25%。特别是，约30% - 40%的结肠癌存在KRAS突变。结肠癌中的KRAS突变与较差的生存率和肿瘤侵袭性增加有关。此外，结直肠癌中的KRAS突变会导致对某些治疗策略产生耐药性。在本综述中，我们研究了KRAS的历史、其在结直肠癌患者中的预后价值，以及支持其在确定结直肠癌患者合适治疗方法方面的预测价值的证据。
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