Centre for Mental Health Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Med J Aust. 2010 Jun 7;192(S11):S15-21. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03687.x.
To conduct a systematic review of randomised trials of web-based interventions for problematic substance use by adolescents and young adults.
An extensive search conducted in February 2009 of computer databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Current Contents) and manual searches of key references.
Randomised comparisons of fully automated web-based interventions specifically targeting adolescents and young adults (ie, typically school or tertiary students, < or = 25 years old) versus other interventions.
16 relevant studies were identified, and data were extracted from 13 of the 14 reporting on alcohol use by young adults. The alcohol interventions had a small effect overall (d = -0.22) and for specific outcomes (level of alcohol consumption, d = -0.12; binge or heavy drinking frequency, d = -0.35; alcohol-related social problems, d = -0.57). The interventions were not effective (d = -0.001) in preventing subsequent development of alcohol-related problems among people who were non-drinkers at baseline. Due to methodological differences, data from the two studies reporting on tobacco interventions among adolescents were not combined.
Based on findings largely from tertiary students, web interventions targeting alcohol-related problems have an effect about equivalent to brief in-person interventions, but with the advantage that they can be delivered to a far larger proportion of the target population. Web-based interventions to prevent the development of alcohol-related problems in those who do not currently drink appear to have minimal impact. There are currently insufficient data to assess the effectiveness of web-based interventions for tobacco use by adolescents.
对基于网络的青少年和年轻成年人问题物质使用干预措施的随机试验进行系统评价。
2009 年 2 月对计算机数据库（MEDLINE、PsycINFO、Current Contents）进行了广泛搜索，并对关键参考文献进行了手工检索。
专门针对青少年和年轻成年人（即通常为在校学生或大学生，<或=25 岁）的完全自动化基于网络的干预措施与其他干预措施的随机比较。
确定了 16 项相关研究，其中 14 项中有 13 项报告了年轻人的饮酒情况，提取了数据。总的来说，酒精干预措施的效果较小（d = -0.22），对于特定结果（饮酒量，d = -0.12；狂饮或重度饮酒频率，d = -0.35；与酒精相关的社会问题，d = -0.57）。对于在基线时不饮酒的人群，这些干预措施在预防随后出现与酒精相关的问题方面（d = -0.001）没有效果。由于方法学上的差异，来自两项报告青少年烟草干预措施的研究的数据没有合并。
基于主要来自大学生的研究结果，针对酒精相关问题的基于网络的干预措施的效果与面对面的简短干预措施相当，但具有可以向更多目标人群提供的优势。基于网络的干预措施似乎对预防目前不饮酒者出现与酒精相关的问题的影响很小。目前尚无足够的数据评估基于网络的干预措施对青少年吸烟的有效性。
