Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey.
BMC Public Health. 2010 Jun 9;10:325. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-325.
Smoking during pregnancy has been associated with socioeconomic determinants and it is recognized as the most important preventable risk factor for an unsuccessful pregnancy outcome. Turkey has national data on the prevalance of smoking during pregnancy; however there is no data on the characteristics of the high-risk population. This is a field study that aims to identify socioeconomic determinants for smoking during pregnancy as well as differentiating the daily and occasional smokers.
Cross sectional study was conducted among women with 0-5 year old children living in the area served by Primary Health Care Center (PHCC) in Burhaniye, Turkey. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by the researchers during January-March 2008 at the home of the participants with 83.7% response rate (n = 256). The relation of "smoking during pregnacy" and "daily smoking during pregnancy" with the independent variables was determined with chi2 tests. Women's age, educational level, number of previous births, place of origin, migration, partner's educational level, poverty, perceived income, social class were evaluated. Statistical significance was achieved when the p value was less than 0.05. The variables in relation with the dependent variables in the chi2 tests were included in the forward-stepwise logistic analysis.
Prevalance of smoking during pregnancy was 22.7%. The majority (74.1%) were daily smokers. Young mothers (< 20), low educated women and migrants were at increased risk for smoking during pregnancy. Low education and being a migrant were risk factors for daily consumption (p < 0.05).
Systematic attention should be paid to socioeconomic determinants in smoking for pregnant women, especially in countries like Turkey with high rates of infant and mother mortality and substantial health inequalities. Young mothers (< 20), low educated women and migrants are important groups to focus on.
怀孕期间吸烟与社会经济决定因素有关，被认为是导致妊娠结局不良的最重要的可预防风险因素。土耳其有关于怀孕期间吸烟流行率的国家数据，但没有关于高危人群特征的数据。这是一项旨在确定怀孕期间吸烟的社会经济决定因素的现场研究，并区分每日吸烟者和偶尔吸烟者。
横断面研究在土耳其布尔哈尼耶初级保健中心（PHCC）服务区域内有 0-5 岁儿童的妇女中进行。研究人员于 2008 年 1 月至 3 月期间在参与者家中进行了面对面访谈，应答率为 83.7%（n=256）。用卡方检验确定“怀孕期间吸烟”和“怀孕期间每日吸烟”与独立变量之间的关系。评估了妇女的年龄、教育程度、前次分娩次数、原籍地、移民、伴侣的教育程度、贫困、感知收入、社会阶层。当 p 值小于 0.05 时，认为具有统计学意义。卡方检验中与因变量相关的变量被纳入向前逐步逻辑回归分析。
怀孕期间吸烟的流行率为 22.7%。大多数（74.1%）是每日吸烟者。年轻母亲（<20 岁）、教育程度低的妇女和移民怀孕时吸烟的风险增加。低教育程度和移民是每日消费的危险因素（p<0.05）。
应该系统地关注吸烟对孕妇的社会经济决定因素，特别是在婴儿和母亲死亡率高、健康不平等严重的国家，如土耳其。年轻母亲（<20 岁）、教育程度低的妇女和移民是需要重点关注的重要群体。
