妊娠期糖尿病的决定因素：印度南部一家区级三级护理医院的病例对照研究。
Determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus: A case control study in a district tertiary care hospital in south India.
作者信息
Bhat Mamta, K N Ramesha, Sarma Sankara P, Menon Sangeetha, C V Sowmini, S Ganesh Kumar
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
出版信息
Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2010 Apr;30(2):91-6. doi: 10.4103/0973-3930.62599.
OBJECTIVE
To study the determinants of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM).
DESIGN
Case-control study.
SETTING
Sri Avittom Thirunal Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, South India.
PARTICIPANTS
300 GDM women as cases and 300 age-matched controls.
STUDY VARIABLES
Sociodemographic characteristics, pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI), menstrual history, obstetric history, infertility history, family history of diabetes in first degree relatives, recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), and moniliasis.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
T-test, Fishers Exact Test, Chi square test, Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% CI.
RESULTS
Pre-pregnancy BMI >/= 25 (P < 0.001, OR = 2.7), irregular menstrual cycle (P = 0.006), treatment for infertility (P = 0.001, OR = 3.3), family history of diabetes (P = 0.001, OR = 4.5), history of diabetes in mother (P = 0.003), previous pregnancy losses (P = 0.04), past GDM (P = 0.035), prematurity (P = 0.01), pre-eclampsia (P = 0.04), polyhydramnios (P < 0.001, OR = 6.0), UTI (P < 0.001, OR = 3.2), and moniliasis (P < 0.001, OR = 7.6) were significantly associated with present GDM.
CONCLUSION
Early identification of women at risk of GDM and prompt treatment is recommended to prevent complications.
目的
研究妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的决定因素。
设计
病例对照研究。
地点
印度南部喀拉拉邦特里凡得琅地区的斯里阿维托姆·蒂鲁纳尔医院。
参与者
300例GDM女性作为病例，300例年龄匹配的对照。
研究变量
社会人口学特征、孕前体重指数（BMI）、月经史、产科病史、不孕史、一级亲属糖尿病家族史、复发性尿路感染（UTI）和念珠菌病。
统计分析
t检验、费舍尔精确检验、卡方检验、95%置信区间的调整优势比。
结果
孕前BMI≥25（P<0.001，OR=2.7）、月经周期不规律（P=0.006）、不孕治疗史（P=0.001，OR=3.3）、糖尿病家族史（P=0.001，OR=4.5）、母亲糖尿病史（P=0.003）、既往流产史（P=0.04）、既往GDM史（P=0.035）、早产史（P=0.01）、先兆子痫史（P=0.04）、羊水过多（P<0.001，OR=6.0）、UTI（P<0.001，OR=3.2）和念珠菌病（P<毛0.001，OR=7.6）与当前GDM显著相关。
结论
建议早期识别有GDM风险的女性并及时治疗以预防并发症。
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