Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Kungsgatan 12, 411 18 Göteborg, Sweden.
Res Dev Disabil. 2010 Nov-Dec;31(6):1659-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.04.010. Epub 2010 May 26.
The purpose of the present study was to assess which types of neuropsychological deficits appear to be most commonly associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. The effect of the combination of ASD with ADHD (ASD/ADHD) was also studied. One hundred and sixty-one adult individuals (≥18 years of age) were included in the study. None had full scale IQ less than 71. The neuropsychological investigations included measures of intellectual ability, learning and memory, attention/executive function and theory of mind. The three diagnostic groups showed reduced performance in most cognitive domains. However, within these domains differentiating distinct features could be seen. The dysfunctions of the ASD/ADHD group cannot be seen as a summary of the dysfunctions found in the ASD and ADHD groups. The ADHD seemed to have the most severe neuropsychological impairments of the three groups. No domain-specific deficit typical of any of the diagnostic groups was found.
本研究旨在评估哪些类型的神经认知缺陷与成人自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）最相关。还研究了 ASD 与 ADHD 合并（ASD/ADHD）的影响。研究纳入了 161 名成年个体（≥18 岁）。所有人的全量表智商均不低于 71。神经心理学评估包括智力能力、学习和记忆、注意力/执行功能和心理理论的测量。三个诊断组在大多数认知领域的表现均有所下降。然而，在这些领域中可以看出不同的特征。ASD/ADHD 组的功能障碍不能被视为 ASD 和 ADHD 组发现的功能障碍的总结。三组中，ADHD 的神经认知损伤最严重。没有发现任何具有诊断组特异性的特定领域缺陷。
