Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Germany.
Int J Med Microbiol. 2010 Nov;300(7):415-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2010.04.017. Epub 2010 May 26.
Neisseria meningitidis is an invasive pathogen contributing significantly to childhood mortality worldwide. The organism is adapted to the human host and transmitted by close contact or droplet aerosols. In comparison to healthy carriage, invasive disease is a rare event. Nevertheless, due to a high case-fatality rate and the fact that meningococcal infection is a communicable disease, molecular typing of meningococci has been driven forward considerably in the past decades. Multilocus and antigen sequence typing data are assembled in large databases accessible via the internet. For epidemiological purposes, representative case ascertainment strategies are necessary if data are to be exploited for trend analysis, geographic visualization, detection of abnormalities such as outbreaks, and prediction of vaccine coverage. In Europe, a consensus for molecular typing has been achieved.
脑膜炎奈瑟菌是一种侵袭性病原体，在全球范围内对儿童死亡率有重大影响。该病原体适应人类宿主，并通过密切接触或飞沫气溶胶传播。与健康带菌者相比，侵袭性疾病是一种罕见的事件。然而，由于高病死率和脑膜炎球菌感染是一种传染病的事实，过去几十年来，脑膜炎奈瑟菌的分子分型已经取得了相当大的进展。多基因座和抗原序列分型数据被汇编到互联网上可访问的大型数据库中。为了进行流行病学研究，如果要利用数据进行趋势分析、地理可视化、检测异常情况（如暴发）和预测疫苗覆盖率，就需要采用有代表性的病例确定策略。在欧洲，已经达成了分子分型的共识。
