Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Vaccine. 2010 Jul 19;28(32):5203-11. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.05.065. Epub 2010 Jun 9.
Equine herpesvirus-1 is a cause of outbreaks of abortion and neurological disease. The pathogenesis of both these diseases depends on establishment of viremia. An experiment was performed to determine the protective efficacy of two commercially available vaccines used with an optimized 3-dose vaccination regime: a modified-live viral (MLV) and a high antigen load killed vaccine licensed for abortion control. The study design was a blinded, randomized challenge trial. Three groups of 8 yearling ponies received one of three treatments: MLV vaccine (Rhinomune, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.); killed vaccine (Pneumabort-K, Pfizer Animal Health); or a placebo (control group). Three vaccinations were administered at intervals of 27 and 70 days followed by challenge infection 24 days later. Clinical disease after challenge was significantly reduced in both vaccine groups; the reduction was greater in the MLV vaccine group. Nasal shedding was reduced by at least 1-2 logs in both vaccine groups. The number of days of viremia was significantly reduced in the killed vaccine group only. This study demonstrated that both commercial vaccines significantly suppressed EHV-1 disease and nasal viral shedding, and one vaccine suppressed days of viremia.
马疱疹病毒 1 是导致流产和神经疾病爆发的原因。这两种疾病的发病机制都依赖于病毒血症的建立。进行了一项实验，以确定两种市售疫苗在优化的 3 剂量免疫方案下的保护效力：一种改良活病毒（MLV）和一种高抗原负荷的灭活疫苗，用于控制流产。研究设计为盲法、随机挑战试验。三组 8 岁的小马驹接受了以下三种治疗之一：MLV 疫苗（Rhinomune，Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica，Inc.）；灭活疫苗（Pneumabort-K，辉瑞动物保健）；或安慰剂（对照组）。三次接种间隔 27 天和 70 天，然后在 24 天后进行挑战感染。在疫苗组中，临床疾病在挑战后明显减少；MLV 疫苗组的减少更为显著。在两种疫苗组中，鼻分泌物的减少至少减少了 1-2 个对数级。在灭活疫苗组中，病毒血症的天数显著减少。本研究表明，两种商业疫苗均显著抑制 EHV-1 疾病和鼻病毒脱落，且一种疫苗抑制病毒血症天数。
