Kamdar Toral, Bryce Paul J
Division of Allergy-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 240 E Huron, M315 Chicago, IL 60610, USA.
Immunotherapy. 2010 May;2(3):329-38. doi: 10.2217/imt.10.15.
Food allergies are caused by immune responses to food proteins and represent a breakdown of oral tolerance. They can range from mild pruritus to life-threatening anaphylaxis. The only current consensus for treatment is food avoidance, which is fraught with compliance issues. For this reason, there has been recent interest in immunotherapy, which may induce desensitization and possibly even tolerance. Through these effects, immunotherapy may decrease the potential for adverse serious reactions with accidental ingestions while potentially leading to an overall health benefit. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of food allergy and give an overview of the various immunotherapeutic options and current supporting evidence, as well as look towards the future of potential novel therapeutic modalities.
食物过敏是由对食物蛋白的免疫反应引起的,代表了口服耐受性的破坏。其症状从轻微瘙痒到危及生命的过敏反应不等。目前唯一公认的治疗方法是避免食用相关食物,但这存在诸多依从性问题。因此,近年来人们对免疫疗法产生了兴趣,免疫疗法可能会诱导脱敏甚至耐受性。通过这些作用,免疫疗法可能会降低意外摄入导致严重不良反应的可能性,同时可能带来整体健康益处。在这篇综述中,我们讨论食物过敏的机制,概述各种免疫治疗选择和当前的支持证据,并展望潜在新型治疗方式的未来。