Zhong Guocheng, Zhang Li, Yang Ruiwu, Ding Chunbang
College of Biology and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2010 Mar;35(6):686-9. doi: 10.4268/cjcmm20100605.
To provide the basal data for artificial cross breeding of Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza from 7 provinces in China and its 4 relatives.
The pollen viability was evaluated by TTC (2, 3, 5-triphenylte trazolium chloride) test and the stigma receptivity was evaluated by benzidine-H2O2 method.
The pollen viability of S. miltiorrhiza from 6 provinces in China and its 4 relatives deceased during time of pollen shedding. Their highest pollen viability was in 2 or 3 days after blooming. But the pollen viability of S. miltiorrhiza (wild and culture) from Hean province in China declined with time after blooming. The most obvious variation of the pollen viability was in S. miltiorrhiza from Shanxi province (RSD 71.3% ) and the least was in wild S. miltiorrhiza from Henan province (RSD 12.4%). The highest average pollen viability was wild S. miltiorrhiza (72.3%) from Henan province while the lowest was S. yunnanensis (38.8%). The stigmas of all the accessions had receptivity when blooming. The stigma receptivity of S. brevilabra was strong in 2 to 4 days after blooming, while the others had less change after blooming. The life span of pollen grains and stigmas could be maintained from 3 to 5 days.
The optimum artificial pollination time of S. miltiorrhiza and its relatives was 2 to 3 days after blooming.
为中国7个省份的中药丹参及其4个近缘种的人工杂交育种提供基础数据。
采用TTC（2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑）法测定花粉活力，用联苯胺-H₂O₂法测定柱头可授性。
中国6个省份的丹参及其4个近缘种的花粉活力在散粉期逐渐下降。它们的花粉活力在开花后2至3天最高。但中国河南省的丹参（野生和栽培）花粉活力在开花后随时间下降。花粉活力变化最明显的是山西省的丹参（相对标准偏差71.3%），最小的是河南省的野生丹参（相对标准偏差12.4%）。平均花粉活力最高的是河南省的野生丹参（72.3%），最低的是云南鼠尾草（38.8%）。所有材料的柱头在开花时均具有可授性。短唇鼠尾草的柱头在开花后2至4天可授性较强，而其他材料开花后变化较小。花粉粒和柱头的寿命可维持3至5天。
丹参及其近缘种的最佳人工授粉时间为开花后2至3天。
