Balcazar H, Haas J D
Department of Family Resources and Human Development, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-2502.
Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1991;25(1):55-63.
The study reported here classified 9,660 newborn infants delivered at a maternal and child health center in Mexico City by length of gestation, presence or absence of growth retardation, and (in the case of growth-retarded infants) proportionate or disproportionate growth retardation in terms of the infants' weight and length. It was found that preterm infants (delivered before 38 weeks of gestation) had nine times the early neonatal mortality of term infants, irrespective of growth retardation patterns. Also, the type of fetal growth retardation involved (proportionate or disproportionate) in those cases where such retardation was present was found to have an impact on early neonatal mortality. That is, preterm and term infants classified as having proportionate growth retardation respectively exhibited 1.5 and 9.5 times the early neonatal mortality of preterm and term infants with disproportionate growth retardation. Among other things, these findings suggest a need for assessing types of growth retardation as well as etiologic factors when evaluating mortality risk in newborns.
本研究对墨西哥城一家妇幼保健中心出生的9660名新生儿进行了分类，分类依据为妊娠时长、是否存在生长发育迟缓，以及（对于生长发育迟缓的婴儿）根据其体重和身长判断为匀称型或非匀称型生长发育迟缓。研究发现，早产婴儿（妊娠不足38周出生）的早期新生儿死亡率是足月儿的9倍，无论生长发育迟缓模式如何。此外，在存在生长发育迟缓的情况下，所涉及的胎儿生长发育迟缓类型（匀称型或非匀称型）被发现对早期新生儿死亡率有影响。也就是说，被分类为匀称型生长发育迟缓的早产和足月婴儿，其早期新生儿死亡率分别是被分类为非匀称型生长发育迟缓的早产和足月婴儿的1.5倍和9.5倍。这些发现尤其表明，在评估新生儿死亡风险时，需要评估生长发育迟缓的类型以及病因。
