Haner D A, Menzies R T
Appl Opt. 1989 Mar 1;28(5):857-64. doi: 10.1364/AO.28.000857.
Lidar hard target calibration is discussed, emphasizing the transfer target methodology. Characteristics of example calibration target surfaces are described in light of the four reflectance mechanisms: specular, diffuse, retroreflection, and off-specular reflectance. This ideal transfer target is one which can be described as entirely diffusely reflecting, i.e., Lambertian. Correction for retroreflection is required when using the flowers of sulfur transfer target at CO(2) laser wavelengths. Corrections for specular and retroreflection for the integrating sphere are negligible; however, the off-specular reflectance of rough metal surfaces used in the integrating spheres is only qualitatively compared with the diffuse reflectance of flowers of sulfur.
讨论了激光雷达硬目标校准，重点强调了转移目标方法。根据镜面反射、漫反射、后向反射和离镜面反射这四种反射机制，描述了示例校准目标表面的特性。这种理想的转移目标可描述为完全漫反射，即朗伯反射。在二氧化碳激光波长下使用硫磺粉转移目标时，需要对后向反射进行校正。积分球镜面反射和后向反射的校正可忽略不计；然而，积分球中使用的粗糙金属表面的离镜面反射仅与硫磺粉的漫反射进行了定性比较。
