Wastewater Technology Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Nagpur 440020, India.
J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010 Sep;37(9):943-52. doi: 10.1007/s10295-010-0743-4. Epub 2010 Jun 12.
Development of an Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) process using non-acclimatized sludge requires a long start-up period owing to the very slow growth rate of Anammox bacteria. This article addresses the issue of achieving a shorter start-up period for Anammox activity in a well-mixed continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) using non-acclimatized anaerobic sludge. Proper selection of enrichment conditions and low stirring speed of 30 +/- 5 rpm resulted in a shorter start-up period (82 days). Activity tests revealed the microbial community structure of Anammox micro-granules. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were found on the surface and on the outer most layers of granules while nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and Anammox bacteria were present inside. Fine-tuning of influent NO2(-)/NH4+ ratio allowed Anammox activity to be maintained when mixed microbial populations were present. The maximum nitrogen removal rate achieved in the system was 0.216 kg N/(m(3) day) with a maximum specific nitrogen removal rate of 0.434 g N/(g VSS day). During the study period, Anammox activity was not inhibited by pH changes and free ammonia toxicity.
利用未经驯化的污泥开发厌氧氨氧化（anaerobic ammonium oxidation）工艺需要很长的启动期，这是由于厌氧氨氧化菌的生长速度非常缓慢。本文针对在完全混合连续搅拌槽式反应器（CSTR）中使用未经驯化的厌氧污泥实现较短的厌氧氨氧化活性启动期的问题进行了研究。适当选择富集条件和较低的搅拌速度（30±5rpm）可缩短启动期（82 天）。活性测试揭示了厌氧氨氧化微颗粒的微生物群落结构。氨氧化菌（AOB）存在于颗粒的表面和最外层，而亚硝酸盐氧化菌（NOB）和厌氧氨氧化菌则存在于颗粒内部。精细调整进水 NO2(-)/NH4+ 比值可以在存在混合微生物种群时维持厌氧氨氧化活性。系统中达到的最大氮去除速率为 0.216kgN/(m3·天)，最大比氮去除速率为 0.434gN/(gVSS·天)。在研究期间，pH 值变化和游离氨毒性没有抑制厌氧氨氧化活性。
