Department of Medicine, Solna, Infectious Disease Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
AIDS. 2010 Jun 19;24(10):1569-75. doi: 10.1097/qad.0b013e32833ac646.
To determine whether soluble molecules with known anti-HIV-1 activity are increased in saliva of HIV-1 exposed uninfected individuals of discordant couples of men who have sex with men (MSM), and whether the levels of these molecules are associated with genetic polymorphisms, sexual behavior and/or HIV-1 neutralizing capacity.
Saliva and PBMC were collected from exposed uninfected individuals (n=25), and low-risk controls (n=22). Levels of CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5 and CCL11 were detected by Luminex, and SLPI, LL-37, alpha-defensins and IgA2 were detected by ELISA. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were investigated using mass spectrometry or PCR-sequencing. HIV-1 neutralizing activity was assessed using PBMCbased neutralization assays. Self-reported questionnaires described sexual behavior.
Exposed uninfected individuals had significantly higher levels of salivary CCL2, CCL4, CCL5 and CCL11 as compared with controls although genetic polymorphisms within the corresponding regions were equally distributed. IgA2 was also increased in exposed uninfected individuals, whereas neither CCL3, SLPI, LL-37 nor alpha-defensins differed between exposed uninfected individuals and controls. The HIV-1 neutralizing capacity of saliva was associated with higher levels of CC-chemokines (but not SLPI, LL-37, alpha-defensins or IgA2) in both exposed uninfected individuals and controls. The increased levels of CC-chemokines were associated with a higher frequency of unprotected oral sex and/or additional casual sex partners.
HIV-1 exposed uninfected MSM had higher levels of salivary CC-chemokines compared with controls, this finding associated with sexual behavior rather than with genetic polymorphisms. The increased levels of CC-chemokines associated with HIV-1 neutralizing capacity in saliva.
确定具有已知抗 HIV-1 活性的可溶性分子是否在男男性行为者（MSM）中 HIV-1 暴露未感染的不一致夫妇的唾液中增加，以及这些分子的水平是否与遗传多态性、性行为和/或 HIV-1 中和能力相关。
收集暴露未感染个体（n=25）和低危对照者（n=22）的唾液和 PBMC。通过 Luminex 检测 CCL2、CCL3、CCL4、CCL5 和 CCL11 的水平，通过 ELISA 检测 SLPI、LL-37、α-防御素和 IgA2 的水平。使用质谱或 PCR 测序研究单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。使用 PBMC 基于的中和测定评估 HIV-1 中和活性。自我报告的问卷描述了性行为。
与对照组相比，暴露未感染个体的唾液中 CCL2、CCL4、CCL5 和 CCL11 水平显著升高，尽管相应区域内的遗传多态性分布均等。暴露未感染个体的 IgA2 也增加，而 CCL3、SLPI、LL-37 或 α-防御素在暴露未感染个体和对照组之间没有差异。唾液中的 HIV-1 中和能力与暴露未感染个体和对照组中 CC 趋化因子（而非 SLPI、LL-37、α-防御素或 IgA2）水平升高相关。CC 趋化因子水平升高与无保护的口交和/或额外的偶然性伴侣的更高频率相关。
与对照组相比，HIV-1 暴露未感染的 MSM 具有更高水平的唾液 CC-趋化因子，这一发现与性行为相关，而与遗传多态性无关。与唾液中 HIV-1 中和能力相关的 CC-趋化因子水平升高。
