Reay-Jones F P F
Department of Entomology, Soils and Plant Sciences, Clemson University, Florence, SC 29506-9727, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2010 Jun;39(3):944-55. doi: 10.1603/EN09274.
A 2-yr study was conducted in South Carolina wheat fields to describe spatial and temporal dynamics of stink bugs sampled with sweep nets. In 2008, the main phytophagous species were Euschistus servus (Say) (35.8, 36.7%), Oebalus pugnax (F.) (35.0, 6.0%), Nezara viridula L., (15.2, 46.3%), and Thyanta custator (F.) (14.0, 10.5%) for adults and nymphs, respectively. In 2009, the main phytophagous species were O. pugnax (39.8, 37.8%), E. servus (38.4, 30.0%), N. viridula (14.6, 29.5%), and T. custator (6.8, 2.8%). chi(2) goodness-of-fit tests indicated that all species (both adults and nymphs) had observed distributions that did not match the Poisson distribution. Indices of dispersion (I(D )) across sampling dates were significantly >1 for all species and life stages, also suggesting a nonrandom distribution. Slopes of Taylor's power law were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than a value of 1 for only adult O. pugnax and nymph T. custator. Coefficients beta of patchiness regressions were significantly >1 in all cases except for E. servus adults and T. custator nymphs. The inverted distance weighted interpolation method showed considerable levels of spatial variability in densities within fields. Sampling along the edge of fields showed a significant distance from field border effect (P < 0.05) on all adults in both years except for N. viridula. High densities in wheat adjacent to a susceptible crop such as corn suggests that localized control methods in wheat may be effective in mitigation of stink bugs and damage in corn.
在南卡罗来纳州的麦田进行了一项为期两年的研究，以描述用扫网采集的椿象的时空动态。2008年，主要的植食性成虫种类为斯氏真蝽（Euschistus servus (Say)）（占35.8%，下同）、稻绿蝽（Oebalus pugnax (F.)）（35.0%）、稻绿蝽（Nezara viridula L.）（15.2%）和点蜂缘蝽（Thyanta custator (F.)）（14.0%），若虫种类分别为36.7%、6.0%、46.3%和10.5%。2009年，主要的植食性成虫种类为稻绿蝽（39.8%）、斯氏真蝽（38.4%）、稻绿蝽（14.6%）和点蜂缘蝽（6.8%），若虫种类分别为37.8%、30.0%、29.5%和2.8%。卡方拟合优度检验表明，所有种类（成虫和若虫）的观测分布均不符合泊松分布。所有种类和虫态在各采样日期的扩散指数（I(D)）均显著大于1，这也表明分布并非随机。仅稻绿蝽成虫和点蜂缘蝽若虫的泰勒幂定律斜率显著大于1（P < 0.05）。除斯氏真蝽成虫和点蜂缘蝽若虫外，所有情况下斑块回归系数β均显著大于1。反距离加权插值法显示田间密度存在相当程度的空间变异性。沿田边采样表明，除稻绿蝽外，两年中所有成虫的田间边界距离效应均显著（P < 0.05）。与玉米等易感作物相邻的小麦中椿象密度较高，这表明小麦中的局部防治方法可能有助于减轻玉米中的椿象危害及损害。
