Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E6BT, United Kingdom.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010 Jul;19(7):1799-805. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-1298. Epub 2010 Jun 15.
Cancer communication has begun to focus on prevention through lifestyle change. One possible consequence of this is that attitudes towards people with certain types of cancer could become increasingly negative. In this study, we assessed attributions of blame for five common cancers.
Data were collected as part of a population-based survey of women's attitudes to cancer. A sample of 1,620 women rated how much they would blame someone who had a diagnosis of breast cancer, cervical cancer, bowel cancer, lung cancer, and leukemia, as well as chlamydia and obesity.
Few women attributed any blame for someone with leukemia or breast cancer (9% and 15%). The proportions attributing some blame for bowel cancer and cervical cancer were slightly higher (23% and 37%). Patients with lung cancer were considered at least partly to blame by 70% of respondents, approaching chlamydia (87%) and obesity (96%). Attributions of blame for bowel, cervical, and lung cancer were most common among those with more qualifications, and women who knew that cervical cancer was linked to sexual activity were more likely to attribute blame to it (48% versus 32%).
Cancers are not generally seen as a matter of personal responsibility, but lung cancer, and to a lesser extent, cervical and bowel cancer do attract blame attributions. Knowledge of the preventability of cancer seems to be associated with perceived responsibility.
Increasing awareness of the preventable nature of some cancers might affect blame attributions. Additional research is needed to explore the implications of these findings.
癌症的沟通已经开始侧重于通过生活方式的改变来进行预防。这可能导致人们对某些类型的癌症患者的态度变得越来越消极。在这项研究中，我们评估了对五种常见癌症的归咎态度。
数据是作为一项针对女性对癌症态度的基于人群的调查的一部分收集的。1620 名女性对某人被诊断患有乳腺癌、宫颈癌、肠癌、肺癌和白血病，以及衣原体感染和肥胖症的情况下，她们会责备多少进行了评分。
很少有女性会因为某人患有白血病或乳腺癌而责备（9%和 15%）。对某人患有肠癌和宫颈癌的责备比例略高（23%和 37%）。70%的受访者认为肺癌患者至少应承担部分责任，接近衣原体感染（87%）和肥胖症（96%）。在学历较高的人群中，对肠癌、宫颈癌和肺癌的归咎更为常见，而那些知道宫颈癌与性行为有关的女性更有可能归咎于它（48%比 32%）。
癌症一般不被视为个人责任的问题，但肺癌，以及在较小程度上，宫颈癌和肠癌确实会引起归咎于人的态度。对癌症可预防的认识似乎与感知到的责任有关。
提高对某些癌症可预防性质的认识可能会影响归咎于人的态度。需要进一步研究来探讨这些发现的影响。
