Ross A Catharine
Department of Nutritional Sciences and Huck Institute for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2010;652:295-313. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60327-325-1_17.
A properly formulated diet is an essential underpinning for all in vivo research. This chapter focuses on the use of diet in retinoid research from two perspectives: human research, in which diet is usually variable and analysis of dietary intake is paramount to interpreting the study's results, and animal (rodent) research, in which diet is imposed as a factor in the experimental design, and the diet consumed is usually monotonous. Many standard rodent diets are nonpurified and the amount of vitamin A in the diet is unknown. Moreover, it is likely to be much higher than expected from the label. By using a well-formulated purified diet with an exact amount of vitamin A, retinoid status in rodents can be closely controlled to create specific physiological conditions that represent the wide range of vitamin A status present in human populations.
合理制定的饮食是所有体内研究的重要基础。本章从两个角度聚焦饮食在类维生素A研究中的应用:人体研究,其中饮食通常具有多样性,饮食摄入量的分析对于解释研究结果至关重要;动物(啮齿动物)研究,其中饮食作为实验设计中的一个因素,所摄入的饮食通常较为单一。许多标准的啮齿动物饮食未经过提纯,饮食中维生素A的含量未知。此外,其含量可能比标签上预期的要高得多。通过使用精心配制的、含有精确维生素A含量的提纯饮食,可以密切控制啮齿动物的类维生素A状态,以创造出代表人类群体中广泛存在的维生素A状态范围的特定生理条件。