School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2010 Sep 15;181(1-3):1004-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.114. Epub 2010 Jun 1.
Flame retardant n-hexadecane/silicon dioxide (SiO(2)) composites as thermal energy storage materials were prepared using sol-gel methods. In the composites, n-hexadecane was used as the phase change material for thermal energy storage, and SiO(2) acted as the supporting material that is fire resistant. In order to further improve flame retardant property of the composites, the expanded graphite (EG) was added in the composites. Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM) were used to determine chemical structure, crystalloid phase and microstructure of flame retardant n-hexadecane/SiO(2) composites, respectively. The thermal properties and thermal stability were investigated by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a thermogravimetric analysis apparatus (TGA), respectively. The SEM results showed that the n-hexadecane was well dispersed in the porous network of the SiO(2). The DSC results indicated that the melting and solidifying latent heats of the composites are 147.58 and 145.10 kJ/kg when the mass percentage of the n-hexadecane in the composites is 73.3%. The TGA results showed that the loading of the EG increased the charred residue amount of the composites at 700 degrees C, contributing to the improved thermal stability of the composites. It was observed from SEM photographs that the homogeneous and compact charred residue structure after combustion improved the flammability of the composites.
使用溶胶-凝胶法制备了阻燃正十六烷/二氧化硅（SiO(2)）复合材料作为热能存储材料。在复合材料中，正十六烷用作热能存储的相变材料，SiO(2) 用作阻燃的支撑材料。为了进一步提高复合材料的阻燃性能，在复合材料中添加了膨胀石墨（EG）。傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、X 射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分别用于确定阻燃正十六烷/SiO(2)复合材料的化学结构、晶相和微观结构。通过差示扫描量热仪（DSC）和热重分析装置（TGA）分别研究了热性能和热稳定性。SEM 结果表明，正十六烷很好地分散在 SiO(2)的多孔网络中。DSC 结果表明，当复合材料中 n-十六烷的质量百分比为 73.3%时，复合材料的熔化和凝固潜热分别为 147.58 和 145.10 kJ/kg。TGA 结果表明，EG 的负载增加了复合材料在 700°C 时的炭残留量，有助于提高复合材料的热稳定性。从 SEM 照片中可以看出，燃烧后均匀致密的炭残留物结构提高了复合材料的可燃性。
